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| the combined effect of two drugs equals the sum of the effects of each drug given alone |
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| drug the binds with a receptor to produce a therapeutic response |
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| immediate hypersensitive reaction by the immune system, it presents as ithcing, hives, swelling, difficulty breathing; SEE HYPERSENSITIVITY SEE ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK |
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| (also called anaphylactic reaction or anaphylactoid reaction) sudden, sefere hypersensitivity reaction with symptoms that progress rapidly & may result in death if not treated |
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| localized wheals or swellings in subcutaneous tissues or mucous membranes, which may be due to an allergic response; also called angioneurotic edema |
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| drugs that join with a receptor to prevent the action of an agonist |
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| molecule with the ability to bind to a specific antigen; responsible for the immune response |
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| substance that is capable of inducing a specific immune response |
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| process by which the body changes a drug to a more or less active form that can be excreted |
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| drugs that have the potential for abuse and dependency, both physical & psychological |
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when the body is unable to metabolize& excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given |
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| any unusual or abnormal response that differs from the response normally expected to a specific drug & dosage |
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| decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve the desired effect |
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| action by which an oral drug is absorbed & carried directly to the liver, where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the general bloodstream |
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| time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug |
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| type of complementary/alternative therapy that uses plants or herbs to treat various disorders; also called herbalism |
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| undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system |
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| inactive form of the original drug |
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| drugs that are desinated by the U.S. Food&Drug Administration to be safe if taken as directed & obtainable without prescription; over-the-counter OTC drugs purchased in various stores |
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| pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in the body |
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| study of the drug mechanisms that produce biochemical or physiological changes in the body |
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| study of how peoples responses are variable to medications sue to individual genetic variation |
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| study of body mechanisms or activity after a drug is administered; these mechanisms include absorbtion, distribution, metabolism, & excretion |
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| study of drugs and their action on living organism |
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| habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawl symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation |
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| taking a large number of different drugs (may be prescribed or over the counter drugs) |
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| drugs the federal government has designated as potentially harmful unless their use is supervised by a licensed health care provider, such as nurse practitioner, physician, or dentist |
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| compulsion or craving to use a substance to obtain pleasurable experiance |
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| in pharmacology, a reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to & interacts with the receptor, a pharmacology responses occurs |
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| action that occurs when two substances (drugs) interact to produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions |
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| drug or substance that causes abnormal development of the fetus, leading to deformities |
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