Term
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Definition
| They are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and 20 different amino acids. |
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Term
| How many essential amino acids are there? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It's the transfer of an amine group from an essential amino acid to a different acid group and R group. |
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Term
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Definition
| It's the process of taking a amine group from an essential amino acid to a different acid group and R group. (making an unessential amino from an essential) |
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Term
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Definition
| in order to use protein as energy or store it as fat, you must remove the amine group from it. this process is called deanimation. |
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Term
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Definition
| long chains of amino acids are bonded together using peptide bonds. |
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Term
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Definition
| it's the process by which cells use genes to make proteins. |
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Term
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Definition
| segment of deoxyribonucleic acid that serves as a template for the synthesis (GENE EXPRESSION) of a particular protein. |
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Term
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Definition
| messenger RNA copies the genetic information from the DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| the genetic information in RNA is converted into the amino acid sequence of a protein |
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Term
| do you need all the essential aminos to synthesize proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| essential amino acid that is missing or in the smallest supply. Slows down or halts protein synthesis. |
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Term
| Inadequate energy consumption does what |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| combine two or more incomplete protein sources to make a complete protein. |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more foods are combined to supply all nine essential amino acids for a complete protein. |
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Term
| protein digestion begins where? |
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Definition
| stomach. HCL denatures it and activates pepsin. |
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Term
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Definition
| this enzyme breaks down proteins into short polypeptides and amino acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone controls HCL production and pepsin release |
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Term
| proteins, after being denatured and broken down in the stomach, goes to the small intestine, and what enzymes hit it there? |
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Definition
| pancreatic enzymes called proteases. |
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Term
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Definition
| they complete the protein digestion process in the small intestine. |
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Term
| special sites (small intestine) transport amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides. |
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Definition
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Term
| high doses of individual amino acid supplements can lead to amino acid toxicity and deficiencies. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| existed proteins are degraded to provide the building blocks for new proteins. switch em out for newer guys! |
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Term
| amino acid pool for protein turnover includes: |
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Definition
| amino acids from food and cellullar breakdown. |
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Term
| protein organization determines: |
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Definition
FUNCTION!
Sequential order of the amino acids. Spiral shape from twist in amino acid chain. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| things that can cause protein denaturation and damage: |
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Definition
| heat, acid, base, heavy meetal, alcohol. protein function is lost from these. |
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Term
| protein function can be lost from: |
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Definition
| high fever, blood ph out of normal range. during digestion. OR IF THEY ARE DENATURED FROM AN ENZYME PROTEASE! |
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Term
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Definition
| insufficient essential amino acids: CANNOT SUPPORT GROWTH AND HEALTH |
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Term
| Complete protein (HIGH QUALITY): |
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Definition
| Sufficient amounts of all nine esssential amino acids. Derived from animal and soy. |
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Term
| methods of estimating protein quality: |
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Definition
| chemical score. Protein digestibility corrected amino acid score. PDCAAS |
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Term
| List all the functions of proteins: |
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Definition
| Cell growht, repair, maintenance, enzymes and hormones, fluid and electrolyte balance. Acid-base balance. Immune system. Energy source. Nutrient transport and storage |
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Term
| Protein intake needs to be like 10-35% of caloric intake. Duh. |
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Definition
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Term
| Too much protein can be harmful. High cholesterol and heart disease. Animal-protein-rich diets are associated with high blood cholesterol levels. (Cause of all the saturated fats.) |
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Definition
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Term
| Kidney disease can be caused by high protein intake. People with diabetes can benefit from a lower protein diet. because of this, you know? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by inadequate ENERGY and NUTRIENT INTAKE. Anemia, stunted physical growth, wasting, fluid and electrolyte imbalances,deterioration of the inestinal lining. |
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Term
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Definition
| disease resulting from low protein intake. Weight loss, distention of the belly. fatty degereation of the liver. Loss of appetite sadness, irritability, apathy,. skin problems and hair loss. |
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Term
| Genetic disorders include: |
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Definition
| Phylketonuria. Sickle cell anemia. Cystic Fibrosis. |
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