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General Chemistry Ch. 12 - Electrochemistry
MCAT
11
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
04/19/2016

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Term

anode vs. cathode

flow of current vs. flow of electrons

Definition

oxidation vs. reduction

cathode to anode vs. anode to cathode

Term
electromotive force
Definition

the voltage or electrical potential difference of an electrochemical cell

+ emf = -ΔG

- emf = +ΔG

Term
galvanic cell
Definition
house spontaneous reactions with a positive emf
Term

In a cell diagram which is the anode/cathode?

What do the lines denote?

 

 

Definition
[image]
Term
electrolytic cell
Definition
nonspontaneous reaction with negative emf; half reactions are not separated; commonly used in industry
Term
What is Faraday's constant and what does it represent?
Definition
105 C/mol e- ; represents the charge contained in one mole of electrons
Term
What is the electrodeposition equation and what does it mean?
Definition

mol M = It/(nF)

mol M is the amount of metal ion being deposited at an electrode

I is current

t is time

n is the number of electron equivalents for a specific metal ion

F is the Faraday constant

Term
What are the distinguishing features of a concentration cell?
Definition
It is a specialized galvanic cell in which the electrodes are chemically identical. The current is generated as a function of the concentration gradient established between the two solutions surrounding the electrodes.
Term
rechargeable cells
Definition

act as voltaic and electrolytic cells; as they discharge they act voltaic and as they recharge they act electrolytic

Examples are nickel-cadmium and lead-acid batteries

Term
What equation relates Gibbs free energy and emf?
Definition

ΔGo = -nFEocell

G is the standard change in free energy

n is the number of moles of electrons exchanged

F is the Faraday constant

E is the standard emf of the cell

Term

In electrolytic and voltaic cells what charge is the anode and cathode designated in each instance?

What way do electrons flow?

Where do oxidation and reduction occur?

Definition
  • In voltaic cells the anode is negative and the cathode is positive. In electrolytic cells it is the opposite.
  • Electrons always flow away from the anode.
  • Anode is always oxidation and cathode is always reduction.
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