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Definition
| substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical reactions |
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Definition
| the smallest portion of an element that retains its chemical properties |
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Definition
| anything that has mass and takes up space |
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Definition
| particle that carries a unit of negative charge |
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Definition
| particle that carries a unit of positive charge |
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Term
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Definition
| uncharged particle in an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of protons and neutrons |
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Definition
| number of protons in the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| number that indicated mass in atom= approx. # of protons + # of neutrons |
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Definition
| atoms with same # of protons but different # of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| isotope of an element that emits radiation when it decays |
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Term
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Definition
| most energetic electrons that occupy the outer electron shell |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of atoms of two or more different elements combine in a fixed ratio |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical formula for a compoud in the smallest ratio of atoms possible |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when rates of forward and reverse actions are equal |
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Term
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Definition
| energy necessary to break a chemical bond |
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Term
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Definition
| sharing of electrons between two atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of an atom's attraction for shared electrons in chemical bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity |
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Term
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Definition
| molecule with positive and negative ends |
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Term
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Definition
| ions with positive charge |
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Term
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Definition
ions with negative charge
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Term
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Definition
| bond formed between attraction of cation and anion |
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Term
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Definition
| liquid capable of dissolving many substances (many which are polar or ionic) |
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Term
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Definition
| substance dissolved in a solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| when hydrogen atoms and a negative charge of an atom form a bond |
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Term
| van der Waals interactions |
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Definition
| weak forces caused by attraction of nonpolar molecules that may have regions of slight positive or negative charge |
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Term
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Definition
| energy transfer of electrons in chemical reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| process in which an atom/ion/molecule loses electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| process in which atom/ion/molecule gains electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| property of molecules with strong tendency to stick to one another |
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Term
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Definition
| property of molecules to stick to many other substances |
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Definition
| tendency of water to move in narrow tubes, even against force of gravity |
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Term
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Definition
| total amount of kinetic energy in a substance |
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Definition
| measure of average kinetic energy of particles |
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Definition
| amount of heat energy required to change 1 g of a substance form the liquid phse to the vapor phase |
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Definition
| amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| proton donor, yields H+ and an anion |
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Term
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Definition
| proton acceptor, yields OH- and a cation |
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Term
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Definition
| suvstance that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added |
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Term
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Definition
| ions dissociated in water can carry electric current |
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