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Definition
| the particular chromosome complement of an individual or of a related group of individuals, defined both by the number and morphology of the chromosomes |
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| the study of karyotypes is |
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Definition
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Definition
| the number of chromosomes in a basic set (x) |
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| organisms with multiples of the monoploid number are |
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Definition
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Term
| Euploids with more than two chromosome sets are |
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Definition
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Definition
| additional sets of chromosomes from the same or different species |
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Definition
| having one or more whole chromosomes or chromosome segments absent from or in addition to the basic chromosome complement |
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Term
| Genetically unbalanced chromosomal complements due to one extra or missing chromosome often have |
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Definition
| more severe effects on phenotype than does addition of a genetically balanced entire extra set of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| >2 monoploid chromosome sets |
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Term
| Autopolyploids usually differ |
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Definition
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Term
| If qualitative differences are seen in autopolyploids, these could be due to: |
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Definition
1. increase in nuclear or cell size which could somehow alter gene expression
2. more alleles could alter expressivity
3. if the diploid was heterozygous, the dominance relationship of the alleles could be altered |
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Term
| Autopolyploidy arises from |
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Definition
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| examples of polyploid crops (triploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, and octaploid) |
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Definition
Apple, banana, giner, watermelon
Apple, cotton wheat, peanut
oat, kiwifruit
strawberry, pansies, sugar cane |
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Term
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Definition
| Fertility disturbances due to unbalanced meiosis (especially odd-numbered autopolyploids) |
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Term
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Definition
| contain structurally and genetically different chromosome sets |
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Term
| the different sets of chromosomes in allopolyploids are called |
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Definition
| homeologous (partly homologous), not fully homologous |
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Term
| Allopolyploidy arises from hybridization, plus genome duplication |
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Definition
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