Term
|
Definition
| a chemical bond formed between two oppositely charged ions, generally a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion, that are attracted to one another by electrostatic forces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons that interact with the nuclei of both atoms, lowering the potential energy of each through electrostatic interactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction; a balanced equation contains equal numbers of the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical formula that shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a molecular formula that shows how the atoms in a molecule are connected or bonded to each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a representation of the arrangement of atoms in a molecule that shows how the atoms are bonded to each other and the overall shape of the molecule |
|
|
Term
| Space-Filling Molecular Model |
|
Definition
| a representation of a molecule that shows how the atoms fill the space between them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those elements that exist in nature with single atoms as their basic units |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those elements that exist in nature with diatomic or polyatomic molecules as their basic unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compounds composed of two or more covalently bonded nonmetals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a compound composed of cations and anions bound together by electrostatic attraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the smallest, electrically neutral collection of ions in an ionic compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an ion composed of two or more atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a traditional name of a compound that gives little or no information about its chemical structure; for example, the common name of HaHCO3
is "baking soda" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an official name for a compound, based of well-established rules, that can be determined by examining its chemical structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a compound that contains only two different elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a polyatomic anion containing a nonmetal covalently bonded to one or more oxygen atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an ionic compound that contains a specific number of water molecules associated with each formula unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a molecular compound that is able to donate an H+
ion (proton) when dissolved in water, thereby increasing the relative strengths of weak acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an acid composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an acid composed of hydrogen and an oxyanion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the average mass of a molecule of a compound in amu |
|
|
Term
Mass Percent Composition
(mass percent) |
|
Definition
| an element's percentage of the total mass of a compound containing the element |
|
|
Term
| Empirical Formula Molar Mass |
|
Definition
| the sum of the masses of all the atoms in an empirical formula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method of obtaining empirical formulas for unknown compounds, especially those containing carbon and hydrogen, by burning a sample of the compound in pure oxygen and analyzing the products of the combustion reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process by which one or more substances are converted to one or more different substances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen to form one or more oxygen-containing compounds; the reaction often causes the evolution of heat and light in the form of a flame |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a symbolic representation of a compound which indicates the elements present in the compound and the relative number of atoms of each |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the starting substances of a chemical reaction; they appear on the left-hand side of a chemical equation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the substance produced in a chemical reaction; they appear on the right-hand side of a chemical equation |
|
|
Term
| Balanced Chemical Equation |
|
Definition
| a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction; a balanced equation contains equal numbers of the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hydrocarbon containing only single bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hydrocarbon containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hydrocarbon containing one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a characteristic atom or group of atoms that imparts certain chemical properties to an organic compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a member of the family of organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl functional group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of organic compounds with the same functional group |
|
|
