Term
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Definition
| energy and nutrition (carbon) from what we eat |
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Term
|
Definition
| random fixation of alleles in a population |
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Term
|
Definition
| nonrandom fixation of alleles that confer an advantage w/in an ecological context |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Ingredients of Natural Selection |
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Definition
1.) individual w/in species vary
2.) some of these variations are heritable
3.) more offspring are produced than can survive
4.) survival/ reproduction are random |
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Term
| Components of genetic variation |
|
Definition
1.) mutation
2.) recombination |
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Term
|
Definition
- acts on individuals
- results in change in population
- a mechanism for the process of evolution |
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Term
| goals of Evolutionary Theory |
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Definition
1.) how populations evolve
2.) speciation |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which one population splits ( origin of new species) |
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Term
|
Definition
| changes in the genetic composition of a population over time (individual) |
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Term
|
Definition
| broad pattern of evolution over long periods of time (species) |
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Term
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Definition
1.) biological
2.) morphological
3.) ecological
4.) phylogenetic |
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Term
| biological species concept |
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Definition
- populations can interbread
- can produce viable offspring |
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Term
| morphological species concept |
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Definition
| grouping species together based on appearance, when they should be separated into 2 groups |
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Term
| ecological species concept |
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Definition
| divides species in terms of environment |
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Term
| phylogenetic species concept |
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Definition
| smallest group of individuals on a phylogenetic tree |
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Term
|
Definition
| existence of biological factors (barriers) that prevent 2 groups from producing viable offspring |
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Term
|
Definition
| offspring of 2 different species |
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Term
|
Definition
1.) habitat isolation
2.) temporal isolation
3.) behavioral isolation (blue footed booby)
4.) mechanical (snail shells prevent mating)
5.) gametic (sea urchins) |
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Term
|
Definition
1.) reduced hybrid viability (salamander)
2.) reduced hybrid fertility (sterile mule horse)
3.) hybrid breakdown |
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Term
|
Definition
| separate populations evolve independently |
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Term
|
Definition
| geographically overlapping populations |
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Term
|
Definition
| flow of genes between 2 or more populations (exchange of alleles) |
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Term
|
Definition
1st 2 billion yrs of life on planet
cold, watery, hostile environment |
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Term
|
Definition
| 1st fossils/ eukaryotic cells |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
-enormous increase in diversity of many animal phyla
- colonization of land |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| massive extinction of reptiles |
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Term
|
Definition
age of big mammals
continents far apart |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| marine mammals and insects wiped out |
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Term
| cretaceous (K-T boundary) |
|
Definition
dinosaurs gone
meteor = mass extinciton |
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Term
| dashing king philip came over for great sex |
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Definition
| domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species |
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Term
|
Definition
| naming and classification of species and groups |
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Term
|
Definition
| the study of this biological diversity in an evolutionary context |
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Term
|
Definition
| a hypothesis about the relationships among different groups |
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Term
|
Definition
| similarities that are attributable to common ancestry (inHerited) |
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Term
|
Definition
| similarities that are attributable to convergence (Adaptation) |
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Term
|
Definition
| similar environental pressures and natural selection produce similar (analogous) adaptations |
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Term
|
Definition
| consists of the ancestor species and ALL its decendents |
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Term
|
Definition
| consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all decendents |
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Term
|
Definition
| consists of various species that DO NOT share a recent common ancestor |
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Term
|
Definition
1.) archaea
2.) bacteria
3.) eukarya |
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Term
|
Definition
-bacteria
-responsible for 1/2 of diseases
-have fimbriae and pili
-exponential population growth
-endospores
-unicellular
-cell wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| matrix of sugars and proteins |
|
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Term
|
Definition
- not monophyletic
- alga=photosynthetic protist
- multiple independent origins
- diverse
- * causes Malaria
- important to marine life
- PARAPHYLETIC |
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Term
|
Definition
- eukaryotic
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- no cell walls
- early developmental characteristics |
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Term
|
Definition
| energy and nutrition from what we eat |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| body cavity formed from/ surrounded by the mesoderm |
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Term
|
Definition
| body cavity formed from blastocoel |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
1.) notochord
2.) dorsal
3.) pharyngeal clefts
4.) muscular post- anal tail |
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Term
|
Definition
| oldest living lineage of vertebrates |
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