Term
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Definition
| A way to harmonize all aspects of being, give order and meaning to life, protection against, or an explanation of the mysterious, potentially destructive, forces of nature, a way of explaining the unknown of this world and any subsequent one(s), a sense of security, guidance, even control of a population. |
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Term
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Definition
Religion that supports the belief in one God or supreme being.
(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) |
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Definition
Religions that support the belief in many gods
(Hinduism) |
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Definition
| The belief that religions and religious teachings and rituals should be refuted or ignored |
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Definition
| Do not claim a religion yet believe in the possibility of a supreme being or God |
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Definition
| Deny or disbelieve in the existence of a supreme being or God-based beliefs on science instead of faith |
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Definition
Religions that actively seek new members and conversions, and welcome anyone who chooses to make a symbolic commitment; generally monotheistic
(Christianity, Islam) |
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Definition
Religions are associated with a particular ethnic group that does not actively seek converts-membership is through birth-strong territorial and cultural identification
(Judaism and Hinduism) |
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Term
RELIGIOUS CULTURE REGION
Sacred space |
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Definition
| A type of culture region associated with religions can include natural features or locations as well as anthropogenic places that possess special religious meaning. |
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RELIGIOUS CULTURE REGION
Anthropogenic |
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Definition
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RELIGIOUS CULTURE REGION
Mystical places |
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Definition
| Places of great natural beauty or mystery |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Hearths |
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Definition
| Most of the world's religions diffused from two principal Asian hearths: the Semitic and the Indus-Ganga |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Semitic hearth |
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Definition
| The three great monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) began among the semitic peoples along the desert edges in the Middle East (centered on Jerusalem) |
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RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Judaism |
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Definition
Ethnic religion about 4000 years old
gain followers across Israel
forcibly dispersed across Europe
half of the Jews live in Israel, have to North America
the foundation for Christianity and Islam |
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RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Christianity |
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Definition
Stimulus: Russ from Judaism
Relocation and Expansion: military and missionary campaigns
Hierarchical: military conquest of local leaders who converted the common people
Contagious: daily contact and trade between believers and nonbelievers
due to diffusion Christianity claims the greatest number of believers worldwide (about 35%) |
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Term
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Definition
| The term applied to rural, non-Christians |
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RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Contact Conversion |
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Definition
| The daily contact and trade between believers and nonbelievers that resulted in contagious diffusion |
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Term
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Definition
Allah is the one true God, about 1300 years old
Stimulus: born from Jewish and Christian roots
Expansion: across Central Asia, North Africa, and Europe
Relocation: Indonesia Southern Africa and Western Hemisphere
the second largest and fastest-growing religion due to diffusion in countries with high birth rates |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Indus-Ganga hearth |
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Definition
| The lowland plain fringing the northern edge of the Indian subcontinent and drained by the Ganges and Indus rivers-reaching gave birth to Hinduism, then Buddhism. |
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RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Hinduism |
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Definition
Incorporates and accepts all forms of belief, emphasizes the divinity of the soul
uses the "caste system", based on karma
cycle of reincarnation to achieve eternal peace
no founder or Scripture
worlds oldest major religion and the third largest, about 4000 years old
Contagious: along the Ganges River
Stimulus: ancient offshoot of Jainism |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Buddhism |
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Definition
More a moral philosophy than a religion
live by the four Noble truths to achieve Nirvana
Stimulus: of Hinduism about 2500 years ago
Contagious and Contact Conversion: spread by merchants, monks, and missionaries
Stimulus: creation of Zen Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and blending with Japanese Shintoism |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Animaism/Totemism/Fetishes |
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Definition
Animals and natural features are the link between humans and omnipresent God
Animism = Voodoo
Totemism = North American Indians
Fetishes = inanimate objects that hold magical powers and independent wills |
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Term
RELIGIOUS DIFFUSION
Shamanism |
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Definition
| Ethnic tribal religions that employ Shaman as mediators between the human and spirit world |
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Term
RELIGIOUS ECOLOGY
Teleology |
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Definition
| The doctrine that the earth was created especially for humans, who are separate from, and superior to it. We will use the earth for what we want |
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Term
RELIGIOUS ECOLOGY
Geomancy |
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Definition
| A traditional system of land use planning based on certain configurations of terrain, compass direction, soil texture, watercourses, etc. being more favorable than others |
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RELIGIOUS ECOLOGY
Feng Shui |
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Definition
| What geomancy is known as in North America |
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RELIGIOUS ECOLOGY
Yin-Yang |
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Definition
Yang: the active, masculine energy in the lofty mountain range = the azure Dragon
Yin: the passive, feminine energy of a lower ridge = white tiger |
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Term
RELIGIOUS INTERACTION
Theocracy |
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Definition
A government run by church leaders
(Vatican City) |
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Term
RELIGIOUS INTERACTION
State Church |
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Definition
Often established in countries where religion provides the basis for nationalism-is recognized by law as the only church in the state-government controls both church and state
(Norway) |
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Term
RELIGIOUS INTERACTION
Pilgrimage |
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Definition
Migrations resulting from religious discrimination or journeys to sacred places
Islam: cities of Mecca and Medina
Hinduism: Ganges River at Varanasi
Judaism: Jerusalem
Roman Catholicism: Vatican City, Lourdes France |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Religious Structures |
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Definition
| Very in size, function, style, rolling material, and relative location |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Synagogue |
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Definition
Where the people of the Jewish faith worship
vary greatly and require at least 10 adult males for religious service |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Church |
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Definition
The place of worship for most Christians
architectural virtues of height, durability, and central location |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Mosque |
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Definition
The focal point of the Islamic community
range from a simple room to an elaborate and imposing structure
may include minarets or towers which call the faithful to prayer
architectural virtues of height, durability, and central location |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Temple |
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Definition
Found in every village and house a multitude of icons of God's
much worship occurs in the home
includes the "Ghats" which lead down to the Ganges River |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Buddha |
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Definition
Very humanlike in Cambodia
fat and jovial in China |
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RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Ghats |
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Definition
| The steps that lead to the Ganges River providing accessibility to the river-important for religious purposes |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Pagoda |
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Definition
| temples that may include prayer flags and carvings of Buddha in the Buddhist religious landscape |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Landscapes of the Dead |
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Definition
| Area is devoted to tributes to the deceased, they vary greatly between religions from obvious landscape features, to having no impact on the landscape |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Air Burials |
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Definition
| Mountainous regions along the Yangtze River Valley of southern China, the coffins are hung from the Cliffside and are left for all-time |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Inukshuk |
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Definition
| Rock piles or cairns under which the in you it's traditionally buried their dead. Usually in the shape of a person |
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Term
RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES
Toponym |
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Definition
The names given to places, structures, and infrastructure, and provide another representation of the religious landscape.
Reflect the diffusion of specific religions
especially evident in Christian religious regions |
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