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Definition
| A stationary electric charge, typically produced by friction, that causes sparks or crackling or the attraction of dust or hair. |
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Definition
| The electric charge at rest on the surface of an insulated body (which establishes and adjacent electrostatic field). |
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Definition
| A stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron. |
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Definition
| A neutron is a subatomic particle contained in the atomic nucleus. It has no net electric charge, unlike the proton's positive electric charge. |
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Definition
| The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |
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Definition
| Particles in the nucleus with a mass of 1 and no charge, |
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Definition
| The action by which a body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring body. |
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Definition
| To make an object to become charged. |
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Definition
| Many electrical appliances have metal cases, including cookers, washing machines and refrigerators. The earth wire creates a safe route for the current to flow through, if the live wire touches the casing. |
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Definition
| To release a charge by a flow of electrons to earth (or neutral). |
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Definition
| An electric current is a flow of electric charge through an electrical conductor. |
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Definition
| An electric current that flows continuously in a single direction |
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Definition
| In alternating current, the electrons don’t move steadily forward. Instead, they just move back and forth. |
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Definition
| The unit of electrical charge equal to the quantity of charge transferred in one second by a steady current |
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Term
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Definition
| Equivalent to one coulomb per second, formally defined to be the constant current |
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Definition
| An instrument for measuring electric current |
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Term
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Definition
| when the components of a curcuit are next to each other |
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Term
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Definition
| A curcuit that has it's parts connected serially |
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Definition
| A closed curcuit in which the current divides into different paths before recombining to complete the curcuit |
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Definition
| The difference of electrical potential between two points, measured in volts. |
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Definition
| An electromotive force or potential difference (unit). |
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Definition
| An instrument for measuring electric potential in volts. |
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Definition
| When the components of a curcuit are parallel to each other |
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Definition
| Anything in the circuit which slows the flow down. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Controls the magnitude of resistance passing through the resistor |
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Definition
| As the temperature of the filament increases, the resistance increases making a curve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Current will only flow through a diode in one direction only |
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Term
| Light-dependent resistor (LDR) |
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Definition
| An LDR is a special type of resistor that changes its resistance depending on how much light there is |
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Term
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Definition
| Similar to an LDR but its resistance depends on temperature, high temp low resistance and vice versa. |
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Term
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Definition
| An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons. |
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Definition
| The rate at which work is performed, or energy converted. |
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Definition
| The unit that measures power. Equal to one joule per second. A watt is equal to current x voltage. |
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Definition
| How far something has moved in a straight line. |
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Definition
| How fast something is moving without a concern for the direction. |
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Definition
| How fast something is moving in a particular direction. |
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Definition
| A quantity that has a direction and size. |
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Definition
| A graph recording distance travelled over a particular time. |
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Definition
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Definition
| The rate of change of speed. |
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Definition
| Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement |
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Definition
| A pictorial device, often a rough working sketch, used by engineers and physicists to analyze the forces and moments acting on a body. |
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Definition
| Act in such a way as to have an effect on another |
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Definition
| A force that exerts a force on another object. It often comes in pairs with the Reaction Force, forming an action-reaction pairs. |
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Definition
| A force that acts in the opposite direction to an action force. |
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Definition
| A force caused by air when an object is moving. |
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Definition
| A resistance to motion when an object moves through a medium. Eg a boat moving through water. |
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Definition
| The result of two or more forces acting conjointly. |
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Definition
| The amount of an object there is. |
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Definition
| The force with which an object near the Earth or another celestial body is attracted toward the center of the body by gravity |
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Term
| Gravitational field strength |
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Definition
| Gravitational field strength at a point is defined as the gravitational force per unit mass at that point. |
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Term
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Definition
| Where the downward force of gravity equals the force of drag. |
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Term
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Definition
| The thinking distance is the distance travelled in between the driver realising he needs to brake |
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Term
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Definition
| The braking distance is the distance taken to stop once the brakes are applied. |
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Definition
| Stopping distance is the distance it takes for a car to stop from a specific speed. |
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Term
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Definition
| The time that goes by between a stimulus and the response to it. |
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Definition
| The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. |
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Definition
| The tendency of the object to keep moving in the same direction |
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Definition
| An amount or measurement that is related to a direction. Velocity, acceleration, and weight are vector quantities |
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Definition
| A part of a motor vehicle, esp. the extreme front and rear, designed to crumple easily in a crash and absorb the main force of an impact. |
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Term
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Definition
| A safety device used in a car or plane to cause you to slow down over a longer period of time, thus reducing the force on the body in an accident. |
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Term
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Definition
| A safety device in a car, consisting of a bag that inflates automatically in an accident in order to increase the time it takes the person to slow down and reduce the force on their body. |
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Term
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Definition
| A part of a motor vehicle, esp. the extreme front and rear, designed to crumple easily in a crash and absorb the main force of an impact (by increasing the time it takes the vehicle to stop). |
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Definition
| The amount of energy transferred doing something. |
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Definition
| The amount of energy being transferred from one place to another. |
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Definition
| The measurement of work done and energy transferred. |
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Definition
| How quickly work is being done and therefore how quickly energy is being transferred. |
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Term
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Definition
| The measurement of power, it is equal to one joule per second. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is the energy something has when moving. |
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Term
| Gravitational potential energy |
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Definition
| The energy that must be used against gravitational forces to move a particle of mass. |
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Definition
| This is the energy something has when moving. |
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Term
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Definition
| The smaller particles that make up an atom. |
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Term
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Definition
| The particles found in the nucleus are called this. |
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Definition
| The amount of protons that an element has. |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of protons that an element has. |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Term
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Definition
| The number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom. An alternative name for mass number. |
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Term
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Definition
| A different atomic form of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. |
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Term
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Definition
| An atom which has gained or lost electrons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiation that causes atoms to lose electrons and become ions |
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Term
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Definition
| When a substance has a unstable nucleus, resulting in release or nuclear radiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| An atom which has too many neutrons could be said to be this. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the necleus of a atom breaks down causing it to emit radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| Without a fixed time or pattern. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ionising radiation containing 2 neutrons and 2 protons (helium nucleus). |
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Term
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Definition
| How far ionising radiation can travel through a substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| High-speed electrons that are emited from an unstable nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| High frequency electromagnetic waves emitied by some unstable nuclie and so travel at the speed of light |
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Term
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Definition
| The remaning nuclide left over from radioative decay. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| A reaction which causes many others one after the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| This transforms the energy contained in the nuclei of uranium and plutonium atom, into thermal energy using nuclear fission |
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Term
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Definition
| Where the fuel and control rods are placed and the reaction is occuring. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structures which absorb the neutrons, these are placed between the fuel rods in the core |
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Term
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Definition
| Something that slows down a nuclear reaction by slowing/absorbing neutrons. |
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Definition
| Made up of radioactive daughter nuclei and radioactive isotopes formed when the materials in the core absorb neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| To check or prove the accuracy of something |
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Definition
| Reviewed by someone with knowledge on the subject |
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Definition
| When two of the same charges repel each other |
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Definition
| The changing of a structure, resulting in a variant |
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Definition
| Dangers to a person or object |
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Definition
| A situation involving exposure to danger |
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Definition
| Something that emits ionising radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| Sealed in glass conisters and concreted over until the radiation becomes low level. |
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Term
| Intermediate level waste (ILW) |
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Definition
| Contained in metal cylinders because they become radioactive. |
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Term
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Definition
| Not as radioactive, bried and compacted in special sites. |
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Term
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Definition
| When an unstable radioavtive nuclei decays and emits ionising radiation. |
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Definition
| How much radiation is produced. |
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Definition
| A unit of measurement, number of nuclear decays per second. |
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Term
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Definition
| The time taken for half the undecayed nuclei to decay. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures intensity of radiation. |
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Definition
| Number of clicks per second or minute of ionising radiation |
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Definition
| Small amounts of radiation in the atmosphere |
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Definition
| The amount of background radiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gas emited produced by the natural decay of radioactive sources. Eg. Uranium. |
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Definition
| The radiation emited from space. |
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Term
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Definition
These are used for tracking substances such as:
-Find leaks or blockages in underground pipes
-Find the route of underground pipes
-Track the dispersal of waste |
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Term
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Definition
The controlled use of high energy X-rays to treat many different types of cancer.
In some cases, radiotherapy can also be used to treat non-cancerous tumours. |
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Term
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Definition
| To make something free from bacteria or other living microorganisms using Radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| To expose to radiation. For example to when you expose food to gamma rays to kill microorganisms you are irradiating the food. |
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