Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process used to sort things into groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organisms that have many things in common (can have fertilse offspring together). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The group for different species that have many similar characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The group for many different genera (plural of genus) that have similar characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Life is often divided into these 5 groups that consist of families with similarities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organisms that have one cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organisms that have many cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a cell that controls the functions of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Microbes with no nucleus (prokaryotae). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Living things which make their own food (from the Sun). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of making food using sunlight. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of eating and digesting (inside the body) other organisms for energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of digesting foods outside of the body (usually found on dead/decomposing things). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Microbes which scientists don't usually consider to be alive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The bones that back up the backbone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The phylum all verterbrates belong too as they have a supporting rod or bone in their back. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals without backbones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals with gills that extract oxygen from water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals with gills and lungs (in adults). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals that have lungs, are homeotherms (warm blooded) and fertilise internally. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals that have lungs, are poikilotherms (cold blooded) and lay leathery eggs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals that often fly, lay hard eggs, have lungs and fertilise internally. Usually homeotherms (warm blooded). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fertilisation that happens outside of the body (usually in water). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fertilisation that happens in the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something that lays eggs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something that gives birth to live young. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Keep their body at a constant temperature (warm blooded). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Body temperature changes with the surroundings (cold blooded). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The name given to the ability that species have to have young when the reproduce together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Able to have offspring/children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The result of different species being bred together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shape of the breeding patterns when species breed with neighbouring populations but not those further away. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The system of two latin words for genus and species of an animal being used to name it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differences in characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A system for identifying a living thing using a series of questions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The total number of different species in an area. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Variation that can be any number on a scale. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Variation that can only be certain values. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Changed to suit the surroundings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The place where something lives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hot water vents found deep in the ocean. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differences in genetics between individuals. |
|
|
Term
| Normal distribution curve |
|
Definition
| The graph shape found when studying how things vary - a "n" shape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A characteristics that has an environmental cause and isn't due to genetics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Differences caused by the effects of the environment and not by genes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trying to get food, water, space, mates etc. when there are lots of other individuals and not so many to be had. |
|
|
Term
| ‘Survival of the fittest’ |
|
Definition
| Where the best adapted manages to survive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another name for survival of the fittest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gradual change over time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When all individuals in a species have died out. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where new species form from one original species. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The cell "covering" that holds everything inside and allows some particles to enter but not others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The "gel" in a cell where everything is stored and reactions take place. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The control centre of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long strands containing the genetic code. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The structure formed by a strand of DNA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A section of a chromosome (or stretch of DNA) that controls a particular characteristic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Variation caused by genetics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A particular type of gene that causes a particular characteristic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The more "powerful" allele that overrules the other in a heterozygous pair. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The less "powerful" allele whose characteristics are dominated other by the other in a heterozygous pair. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagram used to show breeding patterns. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The type of genes something has. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The characteristics something has, caused by the genes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A grid used to work out genetic possibilities in offspring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The chance of something happening. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A genetic disorder affecting red blood cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disorder/illness caused by a genetic problem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A genetic disease affecting cells and resulting in mucus on the lungs and digestive issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chart showing the genes within a family tree. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The name given to analysing the genes passed on from parents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conditions inside the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Keeping internal body conditions constant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glands that release sweat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A part of the body that makes and releases substances. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fluid produced by the kidneys containing urea and other things dissolved in water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An organ that removes urea and excess water from your blood to produce urine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The control of water by the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The control of glucose levels in the blood by the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The control of temperature of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of the brain that monitors temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The layer of skin below the outer layer where blood vessels and nerve endings are found. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The muscles which make hairs stand up on the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glands that release oils at the base of hairs to help keep the skin lubricated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The narrowing of blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The opening up of blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This means that when something happens it triggers and effect which reduce it happening. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organs that detect change inside and outside of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something that a sense organ is sensitive to. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a sense organ that detect a stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electrical signals in the nervous system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cells that electrical impulses (signals) travel along. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The transmission (sending) of electrical impulses (signals). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a neurone which carries the signal towards the body of the neurone (often has many branches). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The branches off the dendron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The part of a neurone which carries the signal away from the body of the neurone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bundles of neurones together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The organ that connects to the brain, consisting of many nerves. |
|
|
Term
| Central nervous system (CNS) |
|
Definition
| The brain and the spinal cord together are called this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An action resulting from a stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Things that carry out actions (like muscles). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurones that receive signals from receptor cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurones that take impulses to the effectors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neurones that link the motor and sensory neurones in the spinal cord (and also make up the brain). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fatty layer around the axon that acts as an insulator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gap between connected neurones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemicals that can cross the gap (synapse) between neurones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Automatic and extremely quick reactions that often protect the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A pathway through the nerves that directly connect sensory neurones to motor neurones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream (or around a plant). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glands that release hormones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How much of a solute is dissolved in a solvent (how much is dissolved). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The organ that releases insulin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hormone that triggers the body to turn glucose into glycogen for storage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hormone that tells the body to convert glycogen into glucose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disease where people's bodies cannot control glucose levels very well. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The type of diabetes where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The fat layer found beneath the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The type of diabetes where a person's body responds less well to insulin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An estimate of how health a person's mass is for their height. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growing towards or away from a stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growing towards or away from light. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growing away from a stimulus light light or gravity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process by which plants use sunlight to make their food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another name for plant hormone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A plant hormone that causes the plant shoot to elongate in light or not to elongate in response to gravity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growing towards gravity but not geotropism which means the same thing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Growing towards gravity but not positive gravitropism which means the same thing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a seed begins to grow into a young plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The plant hormone which turns starch into sugars and stimulates flower and fruit production in some plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A weedkiller that only kills plants with broad leaves (using auxins). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Powder which helps cuttings develp new roots using auxins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A part of a plant cut off to grow into a new clone of the original plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A chemical substance which changes the way the body works. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drug that makes us feel sleepy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drug which blocks some nerve signals so that we don't feel stimuli as much. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that change the way the brain works to distort how we perceive things around us. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drug which speeds up neurotransmission (nerve signals). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How quickly the body responds to external stimuli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drug which slows down the activity of neurones in the brain and can lead to relaxation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which the body can become dependent on and not function properly without it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sticky substance found in tobacco and also used on roads and roofs as waterproofing and bonding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A substance which is linked to causing cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A posionous gas caused by incomplete combustion (burning without enough oxygen). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A drug found in tobacco that causes people to become addicted to smoking. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The feeling that you should or shouldn't do something. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Taking an organ from one person and placing it another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Someone who gives something, such as an organ. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A list of things that must be met. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A decision based on what is right or wrong. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Microbes that cause infectious disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disease which can be passed from person to person. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A microbe with no nucleus that can cause illness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A microbe that is not thought to be living and is very small (it exists inside cells). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organisms that feed on decaying material. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Single celled organisms with nucleuses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A one celled organism that cannot produce its own food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something that stops microbes physically entering the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A way of stopping microbes entering the body using substances like tears. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical substances that can kill microbes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Substances plants used to protect themselves from microbes (bacteria). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical substances that kill bacteria and some fungi but not human cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical substances that only kill fungi. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Able to withstand something. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A bacterium often resistant to many antibiotics, a "superbug". |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which produces its own food, usually from sunlight. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which eats plants for food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which eats other living things for food. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagram that shows what eats what. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagram showing how organisms are connected by feeding in an ecosystem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The way in which living things are connected by what the eat or what eats them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When things depend on each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The release of energy by a reaction between oxygen and glucose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mass of substances that form tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagram showing the biomass at each level of a foodchain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which kills and eats its prey. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which is killed for food by a predator. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of feeding on another living thing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which feeds off another living thing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which has a parasite living off it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A feeding relationship which has benefits for both living things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fish which eat dead skin off other fish or animals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria which produce nitrogen compounds in the soil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plants that produce pods. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria that get their energy from chemical substances, rather than light. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The increase in population. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something containing nitrates and phosophates which is added to soil to help things grow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which is harmful to the environment and present in levels higher than normal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process that leads to plant overgrowth, decay and fish death in water courses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Species which show how polluted or clean an area is. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fungus which grows on roses where the air is free of sulphur dioxide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungus and alga that live on rocks and can be an indicator species. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An insect that only lives in very clean water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An aquatic species that indicates clean water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A worm that indicates very polluted water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of worm that lives in sludge in polluted water. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something which breaks down dead living things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The breakdown of something, like a dead body or plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fuels made from the remains of living things from millions of years ago. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The reaction between oxygen in the air and other substances, such as fossil fuels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The movement of carbon through living things, remains, the ground and atmosphere etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A nitrogen rich substance found in urine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria which fix nitrogen gas into ammonia in the soil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structures on a root where bacteria can live. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria which convert ammonia to nitrates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria which convert nitrates to nitrites back to nitrogen gas. |
|
|
