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| Genetic information is passed from parents to their young in |
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| Characteristics such as fur colour in young rabbits is controlled by |
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| The structures which carry information for a large number of inherited characteristics are called |
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| The part of the cell which contains these structures is calle the |
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| The main substance that produces acid rain is |
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| The main substance given off by cars is |
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| The substance produced mainly by cattle and rice fields is |
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| The substance that may pollute both land and water is |
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| The white coat of an Arctic hare acts as |
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| The large ears of an African elephant give it an |
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| The musk ox is insulated by |
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| The walrus is insulated by |
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| a large amount of body fat |
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| Plants can be produced cheaply by doing what to an older plant? |
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| What sort of computer application would be best for storing results from a survey of different plant species? |
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| Deforestation increases what substance in the air? |
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| Some gases absorb what radiated from the Earth? |
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| The theory of evolution states that all living things alive today have evolved from |
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| Scientists are uncertain how life began on Earth because |
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| the evidence has been destroyed. |
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| The most likely reason for the extinction of all the dinosaurs is that ... |
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| conditions on Earth changed |
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| New forms of genes arise by ... |
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| Acid rain is made when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from pollution or volcanoes dissolve in falling rain. |
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| A feature of an organism that fits it to its environment
e.g. the zebra's stripes help camouflage it in the African savannah |
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| Two living things are clones if they have exactly the same genes. |
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| Two living things are clones if they have exactly the same ... |
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| The loss of the tree cover in an area, usually through logging, but can also occur after a fire. |
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| Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The molecule that carries genetic information. |
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| The gradual change in living organisms over millions of years caused by random mutations and natural selection. |
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| When all the members of a species have died. |
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| Preserved evidence of a dead animal or plant
Can be body parts or evidence like tracks, burrows, nests or teeth marks. |
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| The length of DNA that codes for a particular characteristic. |
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| What is meant by intensive farming? |
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| Farming that uses fertilisers and and high energy inputs to get the maximum production of food from an area of land |
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| What is meant by sustainability? |
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| Development that does not make life more difficult for the generations that come after us. |
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| What three things do all living things compete for? |
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| food, territory and mates |
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| Plants that live in arid (dry) places such as deserts often have what instead of leaves? |
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| How do thorns (spines) help plants survive in desert (arid) conditions? |
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Definition
| They reduce the amount of water plants lose as well as stopping animals from eating them. |
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| Some plants as well as animals, protect themselves from being eaten by making ... |
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| poisonous chemicals
These plants and insects are usually brightly coloured. |
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| What two colours are often used in nature as a warning? |
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Definition
| Black and yellow
e.g. wasps |
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| Why do harmless hoverflies look like dangerous wasps? |
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Definition
| Other animals will avoid them in case they get stung
This is an example of mimicry |
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| What are the two forms of sexual reproduction? |
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Definition
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| What is the point of reproducing? |
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Definition
| To pass genes on to the next generation |
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| What are passed on from one generation to another during reproduction? |
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| What is another name for sex cells? |
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| When an egg and sperm fuse (join) together |
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| What do sperm have to help it reach the egg? |
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| What is used to speed up the growth of new roots on cuttings? |
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Definition
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| What part of a plant can you take cuttings from? |
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Definition
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| What is a newly fertilised egg called? |
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| Moving genes from one living organism to another is called .... |
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Definition
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| GM plants are controversial. What does GMN stand for? |
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Definition
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| How long has there been life on Earth? |
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Definition
| About 3,500 million years
or 3.5 billion years |
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| Plants often compete with each other for ... |
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Definition
| light and for water and nutrients from the soil. |
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| Modern cloning techniques include ... |
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Definition
tissue culture
embryo transplants
fusion cell and adult cell cloning |
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Definition
| Using small groups of cells |
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| What are embryo transplants? |
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Definition
| Splitting apart cells from a developing animal embryo before they become specialised, then transplanting the identical embryos into host (surrogate) mothers. |
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| Extinction may be caused by |
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Definition
changes to the environment
new predators
new diseases
new competitors |
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| Rapid growth of the human population and an increase in the standard of living mean that ... |
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Definition
raw materials, including non-renewable resources, are being used up faster
More waste is produced
Greater pollution problems
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| Humans reduce the amount of land available for other animals and plants by ... |
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Definition
| building, quarrying, farming and dumping waste |
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| Waste may pollute water with ... |
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Definition
| sewage, fertilisers or toxic chemicals |
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| Waste may pollute air with ... |
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Definition
| smoke and gases such as sulfur dioxide which makes acid rain |
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| Waste may pollute land with ... |
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Definition
| toxic chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, which may be washed from land into water |
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| What sort of living organisms can be used as air pollution indicators? |
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Definition
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| What sort of organisms can be used as water pollution indicators? |
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Definition
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| An increase in the Earth's temperature of only a few degrees (as a result of the 'greenhouse effect') could do what? |
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Definition
| 1. cause quite big changes in the Earth's climate
2. cause a rise in sea level resulting in floods |
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