Term
| What is Hirschsprung disease? |
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Definition
| congenital aganglionic megacolon |
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Term
| Is Hirschsprung's more common in boys or girls? |
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Definition
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Term
| 10-15% of infants w/ Hirschsprung also have what condition? |
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Definition
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Term
| Toxic megacolon is a complication of what diseases? |
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Definition
| UC (most common), Crohn's, and c.diff |
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Term
| Other than IBD and c.diff, what can cause toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| Colitis from ambeiasis and salmonellosis, hypokalemia, opiod or anticholinergic use, barium enema |
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Term
| What s/sx occur in toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| Fever, abd pain/distension, diarrhea (often bloody), tachycardia, rapid progression of sx X 1-2wks |
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Term
| What lab findings are expected in toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| neutrophilic leukocytosis, anemia |
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Term
| What test is critical for dx and following the course of toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What findings are expected on abd x-ray of toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| transverse colon dilation >6cm, haustral pattern disturbed or absent |
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Term
| What is the tx for toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| Hospitalization, NPO, NG suction |
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Term
| What meds should be used to tx toxic megacolon d/t IBD? If severely ill? |
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Definition
| IV corticosteroids (hydrocortisone or methylprednisone). Broad spectrum IV abx. |
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Term
| What are indications for surgery in a pt w/ toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| Perforation, massive hemorrhage, worsening signs of toxicity, failure to improve in 48-72hrs |
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Term
| What surgery is used to tx toxic megacolon? |
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Definition
| Partial or total colectomy w/ ileoanal anastamosis |
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Term
| What cause of toxic megacolon has the highest mortality rates? |
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Definition
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