Term
|
Definition
| Solid inner core, molten outer core, rock mantle and crust. |
|
|
Term
| What is the solid inner core made out of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The boundary between the crust and mantle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brittle uppermost mantle and crust |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| below uppermost mantle and is plastic like |
|
|
Term
| principle of isostatic balance |
|
Definition
| light color, low density and silicates + dominate |
|
|
Term
| Deeper crust and ocean floor rock |
|
Definition
| darker and denser silicates and manganese dominates. |
|
|
Term
| Highest elevation of 30,000 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lowest belevation of -35000 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inorganic solids, crystalline in nature, + definite chemical compositions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more complexed; composed of mineral assemblages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dominated by exposed sedimentary outcrops but sedimentary least in volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dominated by extrusive igneous basalt rock. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intrusive igneous diorite and extrusive andesite |
|
|
Term
| examples of sedimentary rock |
|
Definition
| shale, limestone, sandstone + conglomerate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| either sedimentary or igneous formed under heat and pressure |
|
|
Term
| metamorphosed rock example |
|
Definition
| shale>slate and limestone>marble |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| coal, oil, natural gas, relates to some layers of sedimentary rock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is costly, low harvest/miner,silicosis, explosions, and toxic gases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is cheap, hi harvest/miner, less accidents, less disease, slight environmental harm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not as cheap as area strip, hi harvest/miner, some accidents, no disease, great environmental harm. |
|
|
Term
| what are plutonic rock forms |
|
Definition
| solidified intrusive magmas |
|
|
Term
| another name for plutonic rock forms |
|
Definition
| batholiths, stock, dikes, sills, laccoliths |
|
|
Term
| rock state of southern indiana |
|
Definition
| maturely dissected plateu with hard sedimentary rock. |
|
|
Term
| southern indiana consists of.. |
|
Definition
| hilla, weak sedimentary rock and valleys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CAVES, SINKHOLES, underground rovers. jointed limestone rock from bloomington to corydon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an area of low hills, about 500' releif |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| full of shales and low rolling plains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| author of continental drift |
|
|
Term
| what did the continental draft theory lack? |
|
Definition
| mechanism for continental movement |
|
|
Term
| which way does the internal heat of earth's core radiate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the continental drift now called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Examples of a plate tectonic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pacific fire ring subduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spreading along parellel faults producing rifting and terrancing in east Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| haawaiian islands and their move northwestward on pacific ocean plate |
|
|
Term
| when did paleomagnic research start? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proof of plate movement by earthquakes, seismograph,printed seismograph, seisomometers, richter and moment magnitudes |
|
|
Term
| Primary waves are also known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary waves are also known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| secondary lag time cannot what? |
|
Definition
| penetrate liquid molten outer core. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| earthquakes and explosive volcanoes > pacific fire ring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mediterranean-Himalayan axis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| east african rift zone of parallel faulting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involves folding and faulting processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do eroded surfaces analyze with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expansion processes involving zones of rock weakness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compression precesses involving zones of rock weakness, give over hang cliffs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low angled zones of rock weakness |
|
|
Term
| what are the volcano activity classes? |
|
Definition
| active, dormant + extinct |
|
|
Term
| What are the profile classes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large explosive high viscosty lavas, varies of eruption, bombs, ash, + lahars |
|
|
Term
| what is weathering physical? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is weathering chemical? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plant wedge, frost wedge, salt crystal growth, exfoiliation by unloading or temp change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oxidation, hydration, hydrolosis, carbonation |
|
|
Term
| what is mass wasting caused by gravity acting on weather? |
|
Definition
| landslides, rockfalls, solicluct, etc |
|
|
Term
| what is the hydrologic cycle? |
|
Definition
| about 70% of the precipiation that falls on landscapes is evapotranspirated, 30% that falls on landscapes runs off thorough streams or temporarily stored as groundwater |
|
|
Term
| what do you use soil water for? |
|
Definition
| used by crops that can wildly fluctuate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| boundary between saturated zone and unsaturated zones of ground water |
|
|
Term
| what decreases as one progresses from the east coast to the Rocky Mountains? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rock layers that are either or both jointed and prorous in nature |
|
|
Term
| what do aquicludes reject? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can aquicludes produce? |
|
Definition
| free flowing artesian springs and wells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relates to rock types thst dissovle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relates to rock types that don't dissovle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they can either stop or easily slow the process, purple corwn vetch |
|
|
Term
| what do profiles of humid landscapes vs arid landscapes do |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the slope of landscape measures by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are gradients of streams measures by>? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the rocky mountains of united states? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the appalachian mountains of united states |
|
Definition
| secondary continental divide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divide or interflueve, basin or watershed, source or headwaters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of channel, left vs right bank, mouth, delta, distrib |
|
|
Term
| why are central surface areas of rivers flow fastest? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why are rivers considered hydrolysis saws? |
|
Definition
| because of stones and rocks cut because of traction |
|
|
Term
| what are course particles and small stones bounced by? |
|
Definition
| saltation process, clay moves by suspension |
|
|
Term
| what decreases as rivers age? |
|
Definition
| it's gradient and its velocity |
|
|
Term
| aging of rivers and valleys |
|
Definition
| youth falls, rapids present if rock density varies maturity, meandering from ecess energy, stream slows, valley goes from a v to u shape. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begins in maturity and widens and meanders may become server in old age |
|
|
Term
| what is the colorado river an example of? |
|
Definition
| mature stream in a youthful valley |
|
|
Term
| what causes general flooding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stalled storms in upper tributaries servere where land is steep and vegetation is sparse. |
|
|
Term
| where can water erosion be severe? |
|
Definition
| dry areas if a long period of time is involved. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relatively flat, and are vulernable to wind eros-reduction frict and scanty vegetation |
|
|
Term
| how are most desert surfaces? |
|
Definition
| rocky or stony because of deflation of the landscape |
|
|
Term
| what does sand pile into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is found at the base of a mountain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the merging of alluvial fans produce? |
|
Definition
| bajadas that typically have good soils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| southern US great plains > 28'-42' dry, high winds, overgraz, plow up steppe for wheat |
|
|
Term
| where are the high great plains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wind driven fine clays and some coarse textures when anchored very fertile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevated table land plains, they can be found anywhere |
|
|
Term
| how do plateaus get dissected |
|
Definition
| through differential weathering processes > hills and valleys in humidity |
|
|
Term
| what can you find in arid areas |
|
Definition
| mesas, buttes, and pinnacle forms |
|
|
Term
| what is an erosional plain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does desertification relate to? |
|
Definition
| semi-arid areas that become desert like |
|
|
Term
| what can you attribute to desertification |
|
Definition
| long term droughts and animals leveling vegetation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Semi-arid area south of the Sahara |
|
|
Term
| How long is the earth believed to be in existence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Pre-cambrian time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Middle Era, or Mesozoic consists of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relates to global chilling and the lowering of sea levels |
|
|
Term
| Inter-glacial periods were.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Linear features of glacier debris |
|
|
Term
| What percent of earth's water is accounted by glacier? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gravitation of earth sun and moon |
|
|
