Term
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Definition
| Q=WxDxV; the volume of water that flows past a given point in a unit of time |
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Term
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Definition
| low ridges of flood deposited sediment formed on either side of a stream channel, which thin away from the channel |
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Term
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Definition
| deposited on the inside curve in the stream where the water velocity is low |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by the erosion of soil as the stream collides with the river bank,located on the outside of a stream bend |
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Term
| How would you measure stream velocity? |
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Definition
If you
used the ice cubes to measure the surface velocity you need to make an additional
correction because the velocity of the stream surface is higher than the average
velocity of the stream. This is because flow is slower along the bottom and the sides
where the interaction of the water with the surfaces of the stream channel causes
frictional drag. The average stream velocity is usually 0.8 of the surface velocity.
Record your discharge on your records page. |
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Term
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Definition
| the water that lies beneath the ground surface, filling the cracks, crevices, and pore space of rocks |
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Term
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Definition
| the percentage of a rock's volume that is taken up by openings |
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Term
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Definition
| capacity of a rock to transmit a fluid such as water or petroleum |
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Term
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Definition
| upper surface of the zone of saturation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What variables affect glacial flow velocity? |
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Definition
| gravity, smooth base, rough base, dry or wet , and temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| geologic age of a fossil organism, rock, or geologic feature or event defined relative to other organisms, rocks, or features or events rather than in terms of years. |
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Term
| Principal of original horizontality |
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Definition
| beds of sediment deposited in water formed as horizontal or nearly horizontal layers |
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Term
| Principal of lateral continuity |
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Definition
| original sedimentary layer extends laterally until it tapers or thins at its edges |
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Term
| Principal of superposition |
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Definition
| within a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary or volcanic rocks, the oldest layer is at the bottom and layers are progressively younger upward in the stack |
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Term
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Definition
| fragments included in a host rock are older than the host rock |
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Term
| Principal of cross cutting relationships |
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Definition
| disrupted pattern is older than the cause of disruption |
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Term
| Principal of Unconformities |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| contact representing missing rock strata separates beds that are parallel to one another |
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Term
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Definition
| contact in which younger strata overlie an erosion surface on tilted or folded layered rock |
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Term
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Definition
| contact in which an erosion surface on plutonic or metamorphic rock has been covered by younger sedimentary or volcanic rock |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden movement of on either side of a fault can result in earthquakes |
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Term
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Definition
| compressional wave (seismic wave) in which rock vibrates parallel to the direction of wave propogation, faster than s-waves |
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Term
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Definition
| seismic wave propagated by a shearing motion, which causes rock to vibrate prependicular to the direction of wave propogation |
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Term
| How would you locate a earthquake epicenter? |
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Definition
| measure the time interval between the arrival of the first P-Wave and first S-Wave at three different locations, then draw three intersecting circles whose radii are the distance to the epicenter, the epicenter is where all of these circles intersect |
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Term
| How would you interpret seismic data? |
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Definition
| measure S-P lagtime by measuring the time distance between the first arrival of the P-Wave and S-wave, measure the distance equal to how ever many seconds on the vertical axis of the time travel versus distance from the epicenter graph. |
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