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< 2" nominal thickness
nominal = green (not dried), rough (unfinished) dimensions. |
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| green not fired rough unfinished dimensions wood |
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| 2"-4.5" nominal thickness |
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flat sawn (0-30*)
cheapest
produces the least amount of waste
flame wood |
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60-90*
most expensive b/c u have the most waste
horizontals with some directionality |
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30-60*
horizontal modern sleek |
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kiln dired 15% max moister content
(set by american lumber standard committee) |
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| kiln dried 19% max moister content |
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| kiln or air dried to 19% max |
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| moister inside the home is 6-10% |
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| structural wood panel product nonvenered oriented strand lumber layers of rec wood strips compressed and bonded with wax and resin The individual layers are cross-oriented to provide strength and stiffness to the panel. no internal gaps sim to plywood properties but cheaper and holds greater load bering uses: sheathing of walls floors and roofs |
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| chip board/ particle board |
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| avaliable in a number of desists normal density is fairly soft/ flaky high density is solid/ hard used for worktops fire doors cheaper and denser than plywood but the lightest and weakest |
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| is an engineered wood product made of hard and soft wood fibers that are combined with wax and a resin, applying high temperature and pressure. denser than plywood. can be used like plywood It is stronger denser than normal particle board. dimensions 4 x 8, 4 x 9, 4 x 10 |
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| odd number of sheets layered in opp directions need to be in same direction on both end sides this is why there is an odd number of sheets comes in a lot of thicknesses resistance to cracking, shrinkage, and twisting/war Plywood is manufactured from sheets of cross-laminated veneer and bonded under heat and pressure with durable, moisture-resistant adhesives. |
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| non-structural wood panel product made of paper |
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| non- structural wood panel product wood chips that are pressed |
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| all the pieces go in same direction strands glued together structural long veneer strands laid in parallel formation and bonded together with an adhesive to form the finished structural section |
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| all the plies of the wood go the same direction parallel to the long direction floor beams garage doors ridge/heap beams broader range in product width, depth and length than conventional lumber |
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| (glulam) is composed of several layers of dimensional timber glued together with moisture-resistant adhesives, creating a large, strong, structural member that can be used as vertical columns or horizontal beams. Glulam can also be produced in curved shapes, offering extensive design flexibility. |
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| flaked wood strands that have a high length-to-thickness ratio. Combined with an adhesive, the strands are oriented and formed into a large mat or billet and pressed. |
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multi layers of kraft paper saturated in resin
expand and contract with w/ changes in moisture
protective layer
decorative layer
fiber or wood board
balancing layer prevent warping |
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plain slice standard
rotary
quartered
rift cut (log is cut into right angle pieces and then veneers are cut from that) |
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slip matching
book matching
random
panel end match- the wood is piled in the layers that cut from have to keep in same order
arc end match
balance and center match |
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spruce, fir, pine, giant redwood
large long cells which transport water (tubes)
growth rings visable
used in construction
usually lighter color
less expesnive
sold as normal width boards
glued thickenss exceeding 1.5 "
glued for width exceeding 7 1/4"
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oak, elm, chestnut, sycamore, walnut
lg diameter vessels
water transported by vessels (swiss cheese)
growth rings hard to see
gen used for furniture milwork, flooring
cut/ sold to yeild max usable material
glued to exceed thicnkess 1 1/16"
more expensive
usually darker in color
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| group of leves from one slicing used for venners |
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list all dimesnions of all compnonets of ur project
design components so they can be easily planed from rough boards
rough boards 1"--->planned 3/4"
2"--->planned 1.5" or 1 5/8" |
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| furniture/ fixtures gen not regulated by fire code requirements and are not fabricated from treated woods |
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| thichkenss x width (across grain) x length (w/ grain) |
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avoid prone to beatle attack shrinks badly, immature fibers do not accept glue/ polish
stains badily
younger outer part of the tree below the bark
more moister
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older closer to the pith
part u want to use
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| pegged thru mortise and tenon |
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uneven shrinking of wood while seasoning
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| impropper drying / storage |
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| uneven drying sometimes growing condition |
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| impropper storage moisture evaporation from one side |
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| natural defects/ destructive agents |
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in grown bark or bark pocket
sap injury to tree
worm holes
stain caused by mold
knot
shakes
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abbraise uesed with soft woods
usually not in fine cabinet making |
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| good for hand sanding, ideal surface for finishing |
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| abrasive sheet for power sanders |
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| finishing metals, smoothing paint surfaces |
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| b/t coats, employs a resin that disappates heat better |
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extra coarse 50-60
coarse 80-100
med 120-180
fine 220-280
very fine 320-600
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contain pigments to tint wood not protectant
used to make grain more noticeable
types water based, oil, non-grain raising |
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used to produce smooth surfaces on woods w/ open grains or lg pores
can match or contrast wood color
types paste liquid |
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permeate wood pores so topcoat is not absobed into the wood
usually applied immedietly b/4 topcoat
types chosen based on type of top coat
polyesters, polyethanes, other syntheic finishes |
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protectant wear and mositure
prevent yellowing of top coat
w/ additon of uv inhibitors
types polyester catalyzed polyerthanes
standard lacquers, conversion varnishes
h20 reducible acrylic laccquer |
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hardest type
application requires special equipment/ skills
can not be touched up on site
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| catalyzed polyethanes top coat |
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easier to apply
popular for applications
may be exposed to temp textremes or uv radiation |
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used as residential furniture top coat
easy to apply, repair polish, dry quickly amalgamate successive coats, monolithic finish |
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| types are vinyl acrylic and opaque dif. to repair |
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| h20 reducble acrylic laquer |
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| not commonly reccomended may be required to comply w/ voc standards |
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| varnish or one step stain/ finish |
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polyurethane top coat combined w/ a wood stain
each coat will darken wood
for a light finish apply a coat of clear varnish |
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clearest coat, nonbleeding, raises grain, requires light sanding
made wipping sanding
12 hrs |
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non grain raisiing
likley to bleed
fades
wipping brushing
24 hrs |
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easiest to apply non raise grain hides grain
wipping brushing spraying 3-12 hrs |
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dries rapidly non bleeding clear colors streaks easily
spraying
15 min
3 hrs |
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