Penecillium chrysogenum

Forms branched conidiophores with conidia-producing phialides at the tips.

Penecillium claviforme

It has conidiophores united at the base to form large structures called synnemata.

Alternaria

Produces phaeodictyospores: large conidia with transverse and longitudinal sections.

Curvularia

This fungus produces phaeophragmospores.

Thielaviopsis

2 conidia types: (1) thick-walled thallic chlamydospores and (2) thin-walled blastic endoconidia produced from phialides.
A common soil-inhabiting pathogenic fungus

Epicoccum nigrum

This fungus produces conidia in masses called sporodochia.  Condia are dark and multicellular.

Colletotrichum

This plant pathogenic fungus produces lesions called acervuli.
The acervuli have dark sterile hyphae called setae that protude from the surface.

Dipodascus

Saprobic ascomycete found growing in sap
Forms limited mycelium and appears yeast-like in culture.
Produces large asci containing large number of ascospores.

Schizosaccharomyces octosporus

A fission yeast (reproduces asexually by fission) produces asci with 8 spores

Taphrina deformans

plant pathogen that causes peach, oak leaf curl
naked asci on both surfaces of infected leaves

Emericella nidulans

Sexual stage of Aspergillus
1. cleistothecia--surrounded by distinctive cells called (2.)Hulle cells
3. reddish ascospores released from cleistothecia

Talaromyces

Sexual stage of Penecillium
1. culture
2, 3. cleistothecia

Eurotium

Sexual stage of Aspergillus
The yellow/brown spheres are cleistothecia. The asci and ascospores are difficult to distinguish.

Phylactinia

cleistothecia

Uncinula

cleistothecia

Microsphaera

cleistothecia

Sordaria

top : perithecia
bottom : squashed perithecia releaseing asci and ascospores

Chaetomium

Perithecia covered with distictive wavy hairs.

Xylaria

1. Pieces of finger-like fungal stroma (dead man's fingers). Perithecia are embedded at edge of the stroma
2. and 3. Stained perithecia in stroma section

Hypoxylon

1. black fungal tissue on wood
2. necks of perithecia protrude above stromal surface

Daldinia

Masses of fungal stroma. Concentric layers of stroma (at arrow).
Perithecia produced at stromal surface.

Cordyceps

A fungal pathogen of insects and other fungi.
1. on scale insect
2. C. capitata stroma arising from the fruiting body of another fungus.

Morchella

1. morels; edible. form ectomycorrhize with plants
2. asci and ascospores

Urnula

apothecia are cup-like

Paxinia

cup-like apothecia with stalks

Tuber

These are truffles. These truffles are mycorrhizal with pecans.

Rhizopus

black bread mold
1. sporangia; columella surrounded by sporangiospores
2. rhizoids
3. zygospores in various stages. suspensors (remains of gametangia) visible

Phycomyces

1. Long metallic green sporangiophore, grows towards light. Has tiny black sporangium at tip
2. Heterothallic Phycomyces make a line of zygospores when they meet, forming gametangia and zygospores
3. zygospores

Cunninghamella

Makes branched sporangiophores with swollen tips. The tips are covered with many 1-spored sporangia.

Thamnidium

1. Produces large multi-spored sporangia at tip and smaller sporangiola (with a few spores) each branching off main sporangiophore
2. Culture

Syncephalastrum

Produces merosporangia
terminates in a swollen head covered with slender, elongated merosporangia--a few spores in single file

Mycotypha

1. Sporangia in culture
2. sporangiophore. Looks like a miniature cattail. Tip is elongated, covered with 1-spore sporangia

Entomphthora

E. muscae on horsefly
insect pathogen
cluster of conidiophores or sporangiophores on dead fly

Albugo

Top : Oospores (stained red) in Oogonia in an infected leaf.
Middle: Rust-like pustules on Morning glory leaf.
Bottom: sporangiophores with chains of sporangia.
The sporangia give rise to zoospores

Saprolegnia

1. Elongate terminal zoosporangia.
2. Terminal sporangia (zoosporangium) filled with zoospores.
3. Oogonia with oospores.