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Fundamentals, CH 3
Timby
68
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/02/2013

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Cards

Term
LAWS
Definition
Rules of conduct established and enforced by government that are intended to protect both the general public and each person.
Term
SIX CATEGORIES OF LAW
Definition
Constitutional, statutory, administrative, common, criminal, and civil.
Term
2 EXAMPLES OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
Definition
Free speech and privacy
Term
STATUTORY LAWS
Definition
Laws enacted by federal, state, or local legislatures that are sometimes identified as public acts, codes, or ordinances.
Term
NURSE PRACTICE ACT
Definition
A statute that legally defines the unique role of the nurse and differentiates it from that of other health care practitioners, such as physicians.
Term
COMMON ELEMENTS OF DIFFERENT STATE NURSE PRACTICE ACTS
Definition
-Define the scope of nursing practice
-Establish the limits to that practice
-Identify the titles that nurses may use such as: LPN, LVN, and RN
-Authorize a board of nursing to oversee nursing practice
-Determine what constitutes grounds for disciplinary action
Term
ADMINISTRATIVE LAWS
Definition
Legal provisions through which federal, state, and local agencies maintain self-regulation.
Term
BOARD OF NURSING
Definition
Regulatory agency for managing the provisions of a state's nurse practice act.
Term
STATE BOARD OF NURSING ACTIVITIES
Definition
-Review and approve nursing education programs in the state
-Establish criteria for licensing nurses
-Oversee procedures for nurse licensing examinations
-Issue and transfer nursing licenses
-Investigate allegations against nurses licensed in that state
-Discipline nurses who violate legal and ethical standards
Term
RECIPROCITY
Definition
Licensure based on evidence of having met licensing criteria in another state
Term
CONSTITUTIONAL LAWS
Definition
Defines the duties and limitations of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.
Term
NURSE LICENSURE COMPACTS
Definition
Agreements between states in which a nurse licensed in one state can practice in another without obtaining an additional license.
Term
TELENURSING
Definition
Information from his or her state through electronic or telephone access to residents in another state.
Term
COMMON LAWS
Definition
Decisions based on prior similar cases - also known as "judicial law" - and is based on the principle, "let the decision stand"
Term
CRIMINAL LAWS
Definition
Penal codes that protect all citizens from people who pose a threat to the public good - these laws are used to prosecute those who commit crimes.
Term
MISDEMEANOR
Definition
A minor criminal offense
Term
FELONY
Definition
A serious criminal offense
Term
CIVIL LAWS
Definition
Statutes that protect personal freedoms and rights that apply to disputes between individual citizens.
Term
PLAINTIFF
Definition
Person claiming injury
Term
TORT
Definition
Litigation in which one person asserts that a physical, emotional, or financial injury was a consequence of another person's actions or failure to act.
Term
DEFENDANT
Definition
Person charged with violating the law.
Term
DUTY
Definition
An expected action based on moral or legal obligations.
Term
INTENTIONAL TORTS
Definition
Lawsuits in which a plaintiff charges that a defendant committed a deliberately aggressive act.
Term
ASSAULT
Definition
An act in which bodily harm is threatened or attempted.
Term
BATTERY
Definition
Unauthorized physical contact.
Term
FALSE IMPRISONMENT
Definition
Interference with a person's freedom to move about at will without legal authority to do so.
Term
RESTRAINTS
Definition
Devices or chemicals that restrict movement.
Term
INVASION OF PRIVACY
Definition
Failure to leave people and their property alone.
Term
DEFAMATION
Definition
An act in which untrue information harms a person's reputation.
Term
SLANDER
Definition
Character attack uttered orally in the presence of others.
Term
LIBEL
Definition
Damaging statements written and read by others.
Term
UNINTENTIONAL TORTS
Definition
Torts that result in injury, although the person responsible did not mean to cause harm.
Term
NEGLIGENCE
Definition
Harm that results because a person did not act reasonably.
Term
MALPRACTICE
Definition
Professional negligence that holds professionals to a higher standard of accountability.
Term
BREACH OF DUTY
Definition
The caregiver failed to provide appropriate care, or the care provided was given negligently, that is, in a way that conflicts with how others with similar education would have acted given the same set of circumstances.
Term
CAUSATION
Definition
The caregiver's action, or lack of it, that caused the patient harm.
Term
INJURY
Definition
Physical, psychological, or financial harm occurred.
Term
LIABILITY INSURANCE
Definition
A contract between a person or corporation willing to provide legal services and financial assistance when the policyholder is involved in a malpractice lawsuit.
Term
GOOD SAMARITAN LAWS
Definition
Laws that provide legal immunity to passerby who provide emergency first aid to victims of accidents.
Term
STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
Definition
Designated time within which a person can file a lawsuit.
Term
ASSUMPTION OF RISK
Definition
When a client is forewarned of a potential safety hazard and chooses to ignore the warning.
Term
DOCUMENTATION
Definition
Accurate, thorough information that has been either included or excluded in reports and charting.
Term
RISK MANAGEMENT
Definition
The process of identifying and reducing the costs of anticipated losses.
Term
INCIDENT REPORT
Definition
A written account of an unusual, potentially injurious event involving a client, employee, or visitor.
Term
ANECDOTAL RECORD
Definition
Personal, handwritten account of an incident.
Term
ETHICS
Definition
Moral or philosophical principles - direct actions as being either right or wrong.
Term
CODE OF ETHICS
Definition
A list of written statements describing ideal behavior.
Term
ETHICAL DILEMMA
Definition
Choice between two undesirable alternatives.
Term
TWO ETHICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING THEORIES USED TO GUIDE IN SOLVING ETHICAL DILEMMAS
Definition
Teleology and Deontology
Term
TELEOLOGY
Definition
Ethical decision making based on final outcomes.
Term
DEONTOLOGY
Definition
Ethical decision making based on duty or moral obligations.
Term
SIX PRINCIPLES THAT FORM A FOUNDATION FOR ETHICAL PRACTICE
Definition
Beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, veracity, fidelity, and justice.
Term
BENEFICENCE
Definition
"Doing good" or acting for another's benefit.
Term
NONMALEFICENCE
Definition
"Doing no harm" or avoiding action that deliberately harms a person.
Term
AUTONOMY
Definition
A competent person's rights to make his or her own choices without intimidation or influence.
Term
VERACITY
Definition
The duty to be honest and avoid deceiving or misleading a client.
Term
FIDELITY
Definition
Being faithful to work-related commitments and obligations.
Term
JUSTICE
Definition
Mandates that clients be treated impartially without discrimination according to age, gender, race, religion, socioeconomic status, weight, marital status, or sexual orientation.
Term
VALUES
Definition
A person's most meaningful beliefs and the basis on which he or she makes most decisions about right or wrong.
Term
ETHICS COMMITTEES
Definition
A broad cross section of professionals and nonprofessionals within the community with varying viewpoints whose diversity encourages healthy debate about ethics issues.
Term
TRUTH TELLING
Definition
A proposal that all clients have the right to complete and accurate information.
Term
CONFIDENTIALITY
Definition
A form of safeguarding a person's health information from public disclosure.
Term
ADVANCE DIRECTIVE
Definition
A written statement identifying a competent person's wishes concerning terminal care - ie. living will, durable power of attorney for healthcare
Term
LIVING WILL
Definition
An instructive form of an advance directive - a written document that identifies a person's preferences regarding medical interventions to use - or not use - in a terminal condition, irreversible coma, or persistent vegetative state with no hope of recovery.
Term
DURABLE POWER OF ATTORNEY FOR HEALTH CARE
Definition
Designates a proxy for making medical decisions when the client becomes so incompetent or incapacitated that he or she cannot make decisions independently.
Term
CODE STATUS
Definition
Refers to how health care personnel are required to manage care in the case of cardiac or respiratory arrest.
Term
ALLOCATION OF SCARCE RESOURCES
Definition
The process of deciding how to distribute limited life-saving equipment or procedures among several who could benefit.
Term
WHISTLE-BLOWING
Definition
Reporting incompetent or unethical practices - as the name implies, calls attention to unsafe or potentially harmful situations.
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