Term
|
Definition
| disease than be spread through the air, client needs to be in private room with negative air pressure. Wear respirator mask visitor, pt, and nurse |
|
|
Term
| What kind of precaution should you take with TB, Varicella, Rubeola, SARS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of prevention is promotion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of prevention emphasizes early detection of disease, prompt intervention, and health maintenance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of prevention begins after an illness and helps to rehabilitate individuals or restore them to an optimum level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when you are wearing ppe which object is the most soiled? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gloves, hand hygiene, eyewear, gown, mask |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hand hygiene, gown, mask, eyewear, gloves |
|
|
Term
| Mumps Pneumonia,pertussis streptococcal pharyngitis scarlet fever rubella diptheria and adenovirus are need what kind of precaution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tuberculosis vanilla rubeola and SARS require what type of precaution precaution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. Diff ,shigella , hepatitis A require what type of precaution ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is surgical asepsis and sterile technique |
|
Definition
| practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms; includes practices that destroy all microorganisms and spores. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes all practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number of growth and transmission of microorganism. objects are referred to as clean (absence of almost all microorganisms) or dirty (soiled, contaminated) |
|
|
Term
| when is surgical asepsis used? |
|
Definition
| for all procedures involving the sterile areas of the body. |
|
|
Term
| Components of the infection chain |
|
Definition
- an infectious agent
- a reservoir where the infectious agent grows
- an exit portal of the infectious agent
- a meas of transmission (e.g., droplet, contact, touching contaminated items)
- entry portal to a susceptible host (same as exit)
- a host that must be susceptible to the infectious agent
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nurse should assess each client for the risks of infection specific to the client, the disease or injury, and the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- an infection that is acquired while the client is in the HC system
- nosocomial infection can come from exogenous source (outside the pt) or endogenous (altered normal flora)
- best way to prevent is through frequent hand washing!!
- most common site: urinary tract; most common causative agents: E. coli and S. aureus
|
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of generalized or systemic infection: |
|
Definition
- fever
- increase pulse and resp rate (response to high fever)
- malaise
- anorexia, nausea, and/or vomiting
- enlarged lymph nodes (repository for "waste")
|
|
|
Term
| signs and symptoms of a localized infection: |
|
Definition
- redness (from dilation of arterioles bringing blood to the area)
- edema
- pain or tenderness
- presence of exudates (dead phagocytes and tissue cells that leak from the vessels)
- warmth of are on palpation
- loss of use of affected part
|
|
|
Term
| Lab results indicating infection |
|
Definition
- Laukocytosis (WBC's over 11,000 uL)
- increases in specific types of WBCs on differential (left shift=an increase in neutrophils)
- elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- presence of micro-organism on culture of specific fluid/ area
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired tissue integrity
risk for infection
risk for social isolation
risk for impaired tissue integrity |
|
|
Term
Nursing Interventions
(general guidelines) |
|
Definition
- frequent and effective handwashing (most important!!)
- required and recommended immunizations
- good oral hygiene
- adequate amount of fluids
- pulmonary hygiene (turning, coughing or deep breathing; make sure it is done every 2 hours in immobile clients or as ordered by physician)
- aseptic technique and proper PPE
|
|
|
Term
| Standard Precautions (tier one) |
|
Definition
| applies to all body fluids, nonintact skin, or mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
| Transmission Precautions (Tier Two) |
|
Definition
Airborne precautions
droplet precautions
contact precautions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- to protect against droplet infections smaller then 5um (measles, varicella, TB)
- require: a private room, mask/ respiratory protection device for caregivers and visitors, negative pressure airflow exchange in the room of at least 6 exchanges per hour
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- protect against droplets larger than 5um (streptococcal pharyngitis or pneumonia, scarlet fever, rubella, pertussis, mumps, mycoplasm pheumonia, meningococcal pneumonia/ sepsis or pneumonic plague)
- Require: private room or w/ other w/ same disease, mask for providers and visitors
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- protect the visitors and caregivers against direct client/ environmental contact infections (e.g., respiratory syncytial virus, shigella, enteric diseases caused by micro-organisma, wound infections, herpes simplex, scabies, varicella zoster and multidrug-resistant organisms)
- Require: private room or w/ client w/ same infection, gloves and gowns, disposal of infectious dressing material into a single, nonporous bag w/o touching the outside of the bag
|
|
|
