Term
|
Definition
painful voiding
described as burning sensation
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Excessive amounts of urine in absense of concurrent increased fluid intake
- Greater than 2500-300 q24h (~125cc/hour)
- untreated diabetes insipidus and DM
- also consider: diuretics, caffeine and alcohol for cause
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- decreased amounts of urine
- less than 500cc/24 hours (20cc/hour)
|
|
|
Term
| Urgency (altered urinary function) |
|
Definition
person voids more frequently without increased intake
strong micturation reflex, due to inflammation or infection or urethra or bladder, incompetent urethral sphincter, weak perineal muscle control or psychological stress |
|
|
Term
| Frequency (altered urinary function) |
|
Definition
- voiding more than normal without increased intake
- when frequency occurs, patient usually voids less than 250cc
- urinary tract infection most common cause
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- voiding during normal sleeping hours
- should be able to sleep 7-8 hours without voiding
- normal to void more frequently during night with increased intake late in day, especially alcohol or caffeine (not nocturia)
- occurs with congestive heart failure
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not visible to the naked eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blood in urine: gross or occult
causes:
frequent UTI
urinary tracat tumors
renal calculi
poisioning
trauma to urinary mucosa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pus in urine
present in UTIs
usually pretty sick and has had UTI for a long time
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- inability to empty bladder: loss of bladder tone secondary to stretch of detrusor muscle fibets
- also leads to stasis of urine, which predisposes patient to UTI and calculi
- May lead to hydropnephrosis, where urine backs up into ureters and kidney
- at risk: SCI, post-op, vaginal deliveries, BPH
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
urinary
stress
urge
reflex
functional
total
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary loss of urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
small amounts leak with increased intraadominal pressure, e.g. coughing, laughing, sneezing, lifting or jumping
weakening of pelvic floor muscle, high intrabdominal pressure, damage to bladder neck, or side effects of meds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
involuntary loss of urine after a strong feeling of the need to urinate
not able to perceive full bladder and make itto the bathroom
relatively common after a Foley
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
involutary loss of urine when a specific bladder volume is reached
usually because of neurologic impairment, bladder simply empties when it is stretched toa certain degree |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inability to unwillingness of person with normal bladder control to reach bathroom prior to voiding
can be due to confusion, disorientation, sedatives, side effects of meds, impaired gait, blocked path to the bathroom, or loss of fine motor control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
continuous, involuntary, unpredictable loss of urine from a nondistended bladder
can be due to neurologic lesion, trauma, surgery to gu area, spinal cord or congenital malformation of urinary tract or SCI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does STEEEP stand for? |
|
Definition
Safe
Timely
Effective
Efficient
Equitable
Patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Safe: avoiding injuries to patients from the care that is intended to help them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Timely: reducing waits and sometimes harmful delays fro both theose who receive and those who give care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Effective: providing services based on scientific kowledge to all who could benefit, and refraining from providig services to those not likely to benefit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Efficient: avoiding waste, including waste of equipment, supplies, ideas and energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Equitable: providing care that does not vary in quality because of personal characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, geographic location, and socioeconomic status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patient-centered: providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values, and ensuring that patient values guide all clincial decisions |
|
|
Term
| What five attempts must be documented by the RN before implementing restraints? |
|
Definition
- reorienting patient verbally on a consistent basis
- provide visual cues to reorient patient
- remind patient of use of call light
- family member at bedside
- use of distraction to keep patient safe without restraints
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- older than 65
- documented history of falls
- impaired vision or sense of balance
- altered gait or posture; impaired mobility
- medication regimen
- postural hypotension
- slowed reaction time; weakness & physical frailty
- confusion or disorientation;unfamiliar environment
|
|
|
Term
| Fall Prevention Assessment |
|
Definition
Assess...
- patient's level of confusion
- hisotry of depression
- elimination issues
- med record
- mobility status
|
|
|
Term
| Fall Prevention Interentions |
|
Definition
Verbalize interventions to patient...
- patient's level of confusion
- history of depression
- elimination issues
- med record
- mobility status
|
|
|
Term
| Low Risk Fall Interentions |
|
Definition
Low Risk 0-5
- uppper side rails in up position
- oriented to call light / able to use
- bed in low position / brakes o
- non-slip footwear in use
- assist with elimination
- environment cleared of hazard
|
|
|
Term
| Moderate Risk Fall Interventions |
|
Definition
6-15
- patient checked q2hr
- prompt to toilet q2hr by commode or bathroom
- patient relocated closer to care team station if possible
- safety precautions reviewed with patient and family
- reoriented to envitonment
- use of mobility equipment (walker, cane, wheelchair)
- PT consult for hisotry of falls, mobility impairment or high score on get up and go
- environmental adjusting (light, noise, other)
- diversion activities as appropriate
|
|
|
Term
| High Fall Risk Interventions |
|
Definition
16 or greater
- bed alarm on; bell sticker on door name plate and front of charg
- chair alarm pad in use when sitting in chair
- request clinical pharmacist consult on med interactions
- One lower side rail raised (total of 3). Fourth if needed - obstrain restraint order for 4
- unless special exception such as bed surface, ICU care
- round q1hr for safety surveillance; anticipatory toileting indicated
- remain with patient while toileting; explain why
- 24 hour constant observer (watcher)
|
|
|
Term
| When should you assess patients for fall risk? |
|
Definition
| Every shift - something may have changed, such as meds |
|
|
Term
Transforming Care at Bedside Initiative
Recommendations |
|
Definition
- Assess Risk of falling and risk for serious or major injury from a fall
- Communicate and educate about patient's fall risk
- standardize interentions for patients at risk for falling
- Customize interventions for patients at highest risk of a serious or major fall-related injury
|
|
|
Term
| How often should restraints be removed and why? |
|
Definition
| every 2 hours to check circulation and exercise limbs |
|
|
Term
| How long is an order for restraints valid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is required from the patient due to the dangers of restraints? |
|
Definition
Informed consent
If not able, consent of proxy must be obtained with full disclosure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Respond to the present, not the past
Evaluate the potential for injury
Speak with family members or caregivers
Try alternative measures first
Reassess the patient to determine whether alternatives are sucessful
Alert the physician and family if restraints are indicated
Individualize restraint use
Note important informaiton on the patient's chart
Time-limit the use of restraints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- supine
- semi-supine
- right or left lateral
- prone
- Fowler's position
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Infectious Agent ◦Reservoir (Source) ◦Portal of exit for the pathogen ◦Mode of transmission ◦Portal of entry into the host ◦Susceptible host |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Pathogenicity ◦Organism’s ability to cause harm/disease }Virulence ◦Vigor to grow and multiply
}Invasiveness ◦Ability to enter tissues
}Specificity ◦Attraction to a host, including humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Nourishment •Oxygen Aerobic organisms Anaerobic organisms •Water •Temperature Ideal temperature is 35oC or 95oF •pH Most organisms like environments ranging from 5 to 8 •Dark environments
Sources: }Inanimate objects (fomites) Medications, air, food, water }Human sources Other clients, healthcare professionals, family members, visitors, and client themselves }Animals Insects, birds, rodents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sputum
Emisis
Stool
Blood
Body Fluids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mucous Membrane Non-Intact Skin GI tract GU tract Resp tract |
|
|
Term
| Normal Defense MechanismsSecretions containing |
|
Definition
Secretions containing antibodies
◦Secretions with acidic pH that inhibit bacterial growth
◦Hair-like cilia that line respiratory tract
◦Skin
◦Nodes
◦Peristalsis
◦Urination
◦Immune system |
|
|
Term
| Factor Contributing to Drug Resitance |
|
Definition
◦Over-prescription of antibiotics ◦Use of inappropriate antibiotics for the infecting organisms ◦Incomplete use of antibiotic prescriptions as symptoms subside ◦Harboring and spreading of resistant organisms by carriers who remain symptom free ◦Increased use of antibiotics in farming, thus contaminating milk and meat |
|
|
Term
| Persons at Risk for Resistant Strain |
|
Definition
◦Persons who have been previously treated with antibiotics
◦Persons who are hospitalized, particularly when they receive antibiotic treatment for long periods of time
◦Persons with weakened immune systems, such as patients in intensive-care units, cancer, or transplant wards
◦Persons who have undergone surgical procedures, such as abdominal or chest surgery
◦Persons with medical devices that stay in for some time, such as urinary catheters or central intravenous catheters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}MRSA Colonization is the term used to describe those who
have drug resistant staph aureus bacteria on or in their
bodies but have not yet become ill through the infection of a
wound or other area of tissue.
}The bacteria is often found in the nose, groin or underarm areas.
}Once colonized with MRSA, a person can remain a carrier of
the bacteria from a few days or weeks, up to several years.
During this time period, people colonized with MRSA are not
only at an increased risk for infecting others, but also
themselves. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}The use of antibiotics is the most common method of contracting C. difficile diarrhea and collitis (inflammation and irritation of the colon).
}The death of a large quantity of good helpful bacteria in the human bowel, upsets the normal healthy balence of the bacterial populations within the bowel.
}This decrease in the levels of good bacterial leaves the bowel open to be populated by increased numbers of unhealthy bacteria. Additionally, this leaves the bowel open |
|
|
Term
Acute vs Chronic Infections |
|
Definition
Acute ◦Develop rapidly (e.g., common cold:1-2 days, flu: 1-3 days)
Chronic ◦Symptoms develop slowly, and may take months to resolve (Hepatitis B ,C ) |
|
|
Term
| Localized vs Systemic Infection |
|
Definition
| Localized infections occur at a specific site ◦Assess for local s/s of inflammation: erythema, warmth, edema, pain, discharge Systemic infection involves infection of one or more parts/organs of the body and may be fatal ◦s/s are more generalized: fever, fatigue, malaise, lymph node swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Infection – Worst Case Scenario Systemic inflammatory response ◦Also known as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) ◦Serious medical condition caused by the body's response to an infection. ◦Leads to widespread inflammation and blood clotting. ◦Blood clotting during sepsis causes reduced blood flow to limbs and vital organs, and can lead to organ failure or gangrene (damage to tissues). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Decreased urine output
•Fast heart rate
•Fever
•Hypothermia
•Shaking
•Chills
•Warm skin or a skin rash
•Confusion or delirium
•Hyperventilation (rapid breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Primary strategy for nosocomial infection control by reducing transmission
•Applies to blood, all body fluids, secretions, excretions, except sweat
•Environmental control: disposable equipment and utensils, sharps management, mouthpieces, bags for resuscitation
•Patient room assignments
•
•Patient transport precautions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Criteria: Droplet nuclei <5μm (small droplet) ◦Can stay suspended and widely dispersed by air currents ◦For patients with: Measles, VZV, TB ◦Accommodations: Private, negative air flow room ◦Precautions: respirator or N95 mask (for provider when in room, for patient when he/she out of room); dedicated equipment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Criteria: direct patient or environmental contact ◦For patients with MRSA, VRE, other drug resistant organisms, RSV, various enteric pathogens (C. difficile diarrhea), shingles (disseminated varicella) ◦Accommodations: private room or cohort ◦Precautions: glove and gown; dedicated equipment ◦ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Criteria: droplets >5μm ◦For patients with diphtheria, rubella, pertussis, mumps, meningococcal pneumonia ◦Accommodations: private room or cohort patients (must be at least 3 feet between patients) ◦Precautions: simple mask (for provider when in room, for patient when he/she out of room); dedicated equipment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Neuropenic patients (neutrophils < 500/mm3) Burns, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunosuppressive medications ◦Private room / Door closed ◦Meticulous hand hygiene by patient, HCWs, visitors ◦Restrict visitors with infectious diseases ◦No fresh fruit, vegetables (controversial), flowers, plants, uncooked meat/fish ◦Limited social interactions can cause psychological problems, especially with children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The absence of pathogenic or disease producing microorganisms Includes procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sterile Technique An object must be free of all microorganisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Beginning & end of shift
}Before client contact
}Between contacts with different clients
}Before & after contact with wounds, dressings, specimens, bed linens
}Before eating
}After removing gloves
}Before performing any invasive procedure
}Before administering medications
}After contact with secretions or excretion
}Before & after using bathroom
}After sneezing, coughing, or blowing nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Use of Barriers
}NEVER TOUCH WITH BARE HANDS ANTHING THAT IS WET COMING FROM A BODY SURFACE
}Use clean, nonsterile when touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated articles
}Put on gloves just before touching mucous membranes or nonintact skin
}Changes glove between procedures
}Remove gloves promptly after use, before touching items and environmental surfaces
}ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES DURING CLIENT CARE WHEN YOUR SKIN IS ABRADED |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Never assume an object is sterile
◦Check packaging / expiration date }Always face the sterile field }Sterile articles only touch sterile articles
◦Principles of surgical asepsis A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object Only sterile objects may be placed on a sterile field A sterile object or field out of range of vision or an object held below a person's waist is contaminated A sterile object or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air When a sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminated surface, the sterile field becomes contaminated by capillary action. The edges of a sterile field or container are considered to be contaminated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonprofit organization created for science based advice on matters of biomedical science, medicine and health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IOM publication 1999 Most error caused by faulty systems, processes and conditons Goal to reduce errors by 50% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Patient Centered Care
- Teamwork & Collaboration
- EBP
- Quality Improvement
- Informatics
- Safety
|
|
|
Term
| Research shows that it take ____ years before evidence based practices are incorporated into widespread clinical use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An independent, not-for-profit organization, The Joint Commission accredits and certifies more than 16,000 health care organizations and programs in the United States. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nunexpected ocurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof. Serious injury specifically includes loss of limb or funtion. The phrase “or the risk therof” includes may process variation for which a recurrence would carry a significant chance of serious adverse outcome. Such events are called “sentinel” because they signal the need for immediate investigation and response. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- No needless deaths
- No needless pain or suffering
- No helplessness in those served or serving
- No unwanted waiting
- No waste
- No one left out
|
|
|
Term
| 100,000 Lives Campaign Interventions |
|
Definition
- Rapid Response Teams: 60%
- AMI Care Reliability: 77%
- Medication Reconciliation: 73%
- Surgical Site Infection Bundles: 72%
- Ventilator Bundles: 67%
- Central Venous Line Bundles: 65%
- All six: 42%
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Unintended physical injury resulting from or contributed to by medical care (including the absence of indicated medical treatment), that requires additional monitoring, treatment or hospitalization, or that results in death.
- Such injury is considered harm whether or not it is considered preventable, whether or not it resulted from a medical error, and whether or not it occurred within a hospital.
|
|
|
Term
| 5 Million Lives Platform from 100,000 |
|
Definition
oDeploy Rapid Response Teams…at the first sign of patient decline
oDeliver Reliable, Evidence-Based Care for Acute Myocardial Infarction…to prevent deaths from heart attack
oPrevent Adverse Drug Events (ADEs)…by implementing medication reconciliation
oPrevent Central Line Infections…by implementing a series of interdependent, scientifically grounded steps
oPrevent Surgical Site Infections…by reliably delivering the correct perioperative antibiotics at the proper time
oPrevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia…by implementing a series of interdependent, scientifically grounded steps |
|
|
Term
| 5 million lives new platforms |
|
Definition
oPrevent Pressure Ulcers... by reliably using science-based guidelines for their prevention
oReduce Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection…by reliably implementing scientifically proven infection control practices
oPrevent Harm from High-Alert Medications... starting with a focus on anticoagulants, sedatives, narcotics, and insulin
oReduce Surgical Complications... by reliably implementing all of the changes in care recommended by the Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP)
oDeliver Reliable, Evidence-Based Care for Congestive Heart Failure…to reduce readmissions
oGet Boards on Board….Defining and spreading the best-known leveraged processes for hospital Boards of Directors, so that they can become far more effective in accelerating organizational progress toward safe care |
|
|
Term
5 million lives new platforms |
|
Definition
oPrevent Pressure Ulcers... by reliably using science-based guidelines for their prevention
oReduce Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection…by reliably implementing scientifically proven infection control practices
oPrevent Harm from High-Alert Medications... starting with a focus on anticoagulants, sedatives, narcotics, and insulin
oReduce Surgical Complications... by reliably implementing all of the changes in care recommended by the Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP)
oDeliver Reliable, Evidence-Based Care for Congestive Heart Failure…to reduce readmissions
oGet Boards on Board….Defining and spreading the best-known leveraged processes for hospital Boards of Directors, so that they can become far more effective in accelerating organizational progress toward safe care |
|
|
Term
| Newer Thinking About Patient Safety |
|
Definition
oComplex Adaptive Systems
oSwiss Cheese Model
oHuman Factors Science
oComplexity of Work
oHigh Reliability Organizations
oNursing Research in Safe Systems |
|
|
Term
Moving / Lifting a patient
4 ways |
|
Definition
- lateral transfers - move sideways (bed to stretcher)
- Transfer involving sitting (chair to toilet)
- repositioning - move patients up or side-to-side in bed or pull patients up in chairs
- Floor - move patients who have fallen to the floor to their beds
|
|
|
Term
To Err is Human
Conclusion
Why do the majority of medical errors happen? |
|
Definition
Typically medical errors happen as a result of...
faulty systems
processes
condition
these lead people to make mistakes or fail to prevent them |
|
|
Term
| How often are patients injured by care? |
|
Definition
| 40-50 patient injuries per 100 hospital admissions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•Older than 65 years
•Documented history of falls
•Impaired vision or sense of balance
•Altered gait or posture; impaired mobility
•Medication regimen
•Postural hypotension
•Slowed reaction time; weakness and physical frailty
•Confusion or disorientation; unfamiliar environment |
|
|
Term
| Residential fall prevention |
|
Definition
•Remove throw rugs
•Well lighted stairways
•Remove clutter from walkways
•Install handrails, especially in the bathroom
•Avoid use of stepladders, ladders
•Clean up damp areas on the floor |
|
|
Term
Fall prevention assessment |
|
Definition
–Assess patient’s level of confusion
–Assess history of depression
–Assess any elimination issues
–Assess medication record
–Assess mobility status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Develop a plan, and verbalize to the paitent |
|
|
Term
| Low risk falls interventions |
|
Definition
•Upper side rails in UP position
•Oriented to call light/Able to use
•Bed in low position/Brakes on
•Non-slip footwear in use
•Assist with elimination
•Environment cleared of hazards |
|
|
Term
•Upper side rails in UP position
•Oriented to call light/Able to use
•Bed in low position/Brakes on
•Non-slip footwear in use
•Assist with elimination
•Environment cleared of hazards |
|
Definition
•Patient checked q 2 hr.
•Prompt to toilet q 2 hr. by commode or BR
•Patient relocated closer to the Care Team station if feasible
•Safety precautions reviewed with patient and family/significant other
•Reoriented to environment
•Use of mobility equipment such as walker, cane, wheelchair as indicated
•PT consult for history of falls, mobility impairment or high score on Get Up and Go Test
•Environmental Adjustment (lighting, noise, other)
•Diversion activities initiated as appropriate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bed alarm on; bell sticker on door name plate and front of chart
•Chair alarm pad in use when sitting in chair.
•Request Clinical Pharmacist consult on medication interactions
•One lower side rail raised (total of 3). Fourth side rail up if needed. Obtain restraint order
•unless special exception such as bed surface, ICU care.
•Round q 1 hour for safety surveillance; anticipatory toileting initiated
•Remain with patient while toileting; explain why to patient.
•24 Hour Constant Observer if indicated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| –Reorienting patient verbally on a consistent basis –Provide visual cues to reorient patient –Remind patient of use of call light –Family member at bedside –Use of distraction to keep patient safe without restraints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Respond to the present, not the past.
·Evaluate the potential for injury.
·Speak with family members or caregivers.
·Try alternative measures first
·Reassess the patient to determine whether alternatives are successful
·Alert the physician and family if restraints are indicated. ·Individualize restraint use
. ·Note important information on the patient’s chart. ·Time–limit the use of restraints. |
|
|
Term
| Alternatives to Restraints |
|
Definition
•Environmental Changes
•Safety in Bed
•Seating and Position Support
•Activities and Programs
•Toileting and Continence
•Alterations to Nursing Care
•Psychosocial Alternatives
•Physiological Alternatives
•Alarms |
|
|
Term
| Once restraints are placed |
|
Definition
–Patient must be offered nutrition, hydration, use of toilet on a regular basis –Need for restraints must be revisited every shift –New order for restraints is needed every 24 hours –Restraints must be removed, circulation must be assessed on a regular basis (see facility policy for time interval) –Once need for restraints is no longer indicated, they must be removed immediately. |
|
|
Term
| When do we care deeply about urine output? |
|
Definition
| </= 30 mL per hour for two consecutive hours is cause for concern-CALL MD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dysuria, N/V, fever, chills, fatigue Older persons – confusion or vague abdominal discomfort Cystitis: frequency, urgency Hematuria: blood in urine Bacteriuria may lead to urosepsis Pyleonephritis: flank pain, tenderness; fever; chills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Single straight catheter is inserted and left in for 5-10 mins to drain bladder several times per day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indwelling: left in for a longer amt of time until pt can void completely or voluntarily or as long as accurate measurement is needed Balloon-tip rests on bladder wall keeping catheter in place Some catheters have a third port used for CBI or instillation of medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Curved tup with wire stylet, easier insertion for BPH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1/2 have an infection after 7 days |
|
|
Term
| Indications for indwelling catheter use |
|
Definition
| ◦Acute urinary retention or bladder outlet obstruction ◦Accurate measurement of urine output in critically ill patients ◦Selected perioperative situations ◦Patient requires prolonged immobilization ◦To assist in healing of open sacral or perineal wounds in incontinent patients ◦End-of-life care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ◦Insert catheters for appropriate indications only ◦Leave catheters in place only as long as needed ◦Ensure that only properly trained persons insert and maintain catheters ◦Insert catheters using sterile technique ◦Maintain a closed drainage system ◦Maintain unobstructed urine flow ◦Practice hand hygiene and standard precautions |
|
|
Term
| Factors effecting urinary elimination |
|
Definition
| Surgery Body Postion Psychological factors Obstruction Infections Hypotension Neurologic injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portable device that mesures urine volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clean specimen can be collected in urinal or bedpan. Be sure no TP or feces. lable if woman is on her menses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. Clean 2. Void 3. Stop 4. Catch Specimen 5. Finish Voiding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. Throw out first void 2. Start the 24 clock with next void, label BR door 3. Catch every void 4. Ask for last void at 24 hours Keep on ice in a light sensitive container |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sterile, use a syinge to draw it though the cathater port. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dipstick tests, protein, ketones, pH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1st am void prefered. Looks at color, turbidity, pH, SG, protien, glucose, RBC, WBC, bacteria |
|
|
Term
| Urine Culture and senssitivity |
|
Definition
| IDs organism, for best antibiotic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood Urea Nitrogen mesures major nitrogenous end wast products. increased urea with poor renal function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| More sensitive indicator, not as influanced by diet. Increased is poor renal function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray exams KUB - visualizes kidney, ureter and bladder. Looks for stones and malformations IVP - intravenous pyelogram, visulizes urinary system with use of dye. enema for prep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scope into bladder, can visualize tumors, stones, and structural problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used to detect abnormalities in bladder function of voiding. Mesures pressure, urinary flow and striated muscle activity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Void every morning upon waking, and again before bed
- Always void at baseline schedule
- Try to put off at unscheduled times
- If intruped get back on track ASAP
- Keep a record
- When schdule get easy increase intervals
- Do not increase flid intake beyond 6-8 glasses
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Manual compression of bladder walls with hands on abdomen wall. Helpful in facilitating complete emptying of bladder, especially for patients with neurological impairment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Tape securly to paitents body
- Keep drainage bag below level of bladder
- Attach to bed frame
- Clean perineal area and insertion site 2X a day
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Promotes patency of tubing
- Helps remove mucous, blood, tissue
- Can apply meds
- Triple lumen specifically for this
- Watch sterile technique with double lumen
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deflate ballon pinch tubing encourge paitent to increase po intake to distend bladder expect delay in voiding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inserted through abdominal wall by physician. |
|
|
Term
Ureterostomy & Urinary Stoma |
|
Definition
| One ureter is brough to admonial surface, the other ureter can be anastomosed to to ureter creating a stoma. Diverts urine from kidneys to adominal surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Platic tube inserted directly into the kidney for drainage. |
|
|
