Term
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Definition
| Passage of substances across and into tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| A severe response to medication. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reactions characterized by sudden constriction of bronchiolar muscles, edema of the pharynx and larynx, and severe wheezing and shortness of breath. |
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Term
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Definition
| Change that occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, degrade, and remove biologically active chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the indside of the cheek or the gum next to the cheek. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance, particularly a liquid, that has beens strengthened and reduced in volume through evaporation or other means. |
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Term
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Definition
| To remove a poison or its effects from a patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual sensitivites to drug effects; caused by inherited or other bodily consititution factors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Introduction of a substance such as a fluid, drug, electrolyte, or nutrient directly intoa vein by means of gravity flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| To breathe in or draw in with the breath. |
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Term
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Definition
| Act of forcing a liquid into the body by means of a needle and syringe. |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedure in which a fluid is slowing introduced into a cavity or passage of the body and allowed to remain for a specific length of time before being withdrawn or drained. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Within the dermis of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue within the interior of a muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eye medication delivery involving inserting a medication, similar to a contact lens, into a patient's eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the inside of a vein. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of washing out a body cavity or wounded area with a stream of fluid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Severe or mild reaction to medication. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any event that could cause or lead to a patient receiving inappropriate medication therapy or failing to receive appropriate medication therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| One medication alters the action of another. |
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Term
| Medication Reconciliation |
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Definition
| Comparison of two medication lists to ensure that the nurse is aware of all medications prescribed for a patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhaler designed to produce local effects such as bronchodilatation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decimal system of measurement based on the meter as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of weight or mass, and the liter as the unit of volume. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug substance, either derived from opium or produced synthetically, that alters perception of pain and that with repeated use may result in physical and psychological depence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Statutes enacted by the legislature of any state that delineate the legal scope of the practice of nursing within the geographical boundaries of the jurisdiction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medications for eye cconditions such as glaucoma. |
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Term
| Parenteral Administration |
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Definition
| Injecting a medication into body tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Highest Serum Concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of how drugs enter the body, reach their site of action, are metabolized, and exit from the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of a number of different drugs by a patient who may have one or several health problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| Written by the prescriber for clients who are to take medications outside the hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| Time needed for excretion processes to lower the serum drug concentration by half. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any reaction or consequence that results from medication or therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mixture of one or more substances dissolved in another substance. The molecules of each of the substances disperse homogeneously and do not change chemically. A solution may be a liquid, gas, or solid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Injection into tissues just below the dermis of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Route of medication administration in which the medication is placed underneath the patient's tongue. |
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Term
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Definition
| When two drugs act synergistically, the effect of the two drugs combined is greater that the effect that would be expected if the individual effects of the two drugs acting alone were added together. |
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Term
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Definition
| Desired benefits of a medication, treatment, or a procedure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Resulting from an excess amount of medication in a patient's blood, these effects may be caused by the excessive use of medication, overdose, impaired excretion, or idiosyncratic reaction to the medication itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| Method of applying medication topically; also known as a patch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Physician's order given the the nurse, usually over the telephone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Technique for injecting irritating preparations into muscle without tracking residual medication through snesitive tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase of hydrogen ions producing a lower pH. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of materials across the cell membrane by means of chemical activity that allows the cel to admit larger molecules that would otherwise be possible. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance released by the adrenal cortex in response to increased plasma potassium levels or ass a part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism to counteract hypovolemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| A decrease of hydrogen ions producing a higher pH. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance produced by renin tha causes some vasoconstriction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Difference between concentrations of serum cations and anions; determined by measuring the concentrations of sodium cations and chloride and bicarbonate anions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Negatively charged electrolytes. |
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Term
| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
| Substance stored in the posterior gland that is released in response to changes in blood osmolarity. |
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Term
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Definition
| The oxygen and carbon dioxide content of arterial blood, measured by various methods to assess the adequacy of ventilation and oxygenation and the acid-base status of the body. |
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Term
| Atrial Natiuretic Peptide (ANP) |
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Definition
| Hormone secreted from atrial cells of the heart in response to atrial stretching and increase in circulating blood volume. Identified as a diuretic that causes sodium loss and inhibits the thirst mechanism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transfusion procedure in which blood is removed from a donor and stored for a time before it is returned to the donor's circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance or group of substances that can absorb or release hydrogen ions to correct an acid-base imbalance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Positively charged electrolytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure that tends to keep fluid in the intravascular compartment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood and blood components. |
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Term
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Definition
| Difference between two concentrations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive loss of water from the body tissues, accompanied by a disturbance of body electrolytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Element or compound that, when melted or dissolved in water or another solvent, dissociates into ions and is able to carry an electrical current. |
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Term
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Definition
| Redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes that is a result of dilation and congestion of superficial cappillaries, such as sunburn. |
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Term
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Definition
| Portion of body fluids composed of intersitial fluid and blood plasma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which water and diffusible substances move together in response to fluid pressure. |
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Term
| Fluid Volume Deficict (FVD) |
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Definition
| ALteration characterized by the loss of fluids and electrolytes in an isotonic fashion. |
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Term
| Fluid Volume Excess (FVE) |
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Definition
| Alteration characterized by the abnormal retention of fluids and electrolytes in an isotonic fashion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breakdown of red blood cells and release of hemoglobin as may result from the administration of hypotonic intravenous solutions that cause progressive swelling and rupture of the erythrocytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| State of relative constancy in the internal environment of the body, maintained naturally by physiological adaptive mechanisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure exerted by a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Greater than normal concentration of Sodium in extracellular fluid that can be caused by excess water loss or an overall sodium excecss. |
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Term
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Definition
| Situation in which one solution has a greater concentration of solute than another solution |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the most common electrolyte imbalances, in which an inadequate amount of potassium circulates in extracellular fluid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A lower than normal concentration of sodium in the blood serum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Situation in which one solution has a smaller concentration of solute than another solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreased circulatory blood volume resulting from extracellular fluid losses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dislodging an intravenous catheter or needle from a vein into the subcutaneous space. |
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Term
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Definition
| Device that delivers a measured amount of fluid over a period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of fluid from the body by evaporation, such as that which normally occurs during respiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid that fills the spaces between most of the cells body and that provides a substantial portion of the liquid enviroment of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Liquids within a cell membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms or groups of atoms that have acquired an electrical charge through the gain or loss of an electron or electrons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Situation in which two solutions have the same concentration of solute. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition of high hydrogen ion concentration in the extracellular fluid caused by either a primary increase in hydrogen ions or a decrease in bicarbonate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition characterized by the significant loss of acid from the body or by increased levels of biocarbonate. |
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Term
| Milliequivalents per Liter |
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Definition
| Unit of measurement representing the number of grams of the specific electrolyte dissolved in a liter of plasma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Total influencce of a protein on the osmotic activity of plasma water. |
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Term
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Definition
| The osmotic pressure of a solution. Expressed as osmols, miliosmols per kilogram of the solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Osmotic pressure of a solution. Expressed in osmols or milliosmols per liter of the solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Quanity of a substance in solution in the form of molecules, ions, or both that have the same osmotic pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Receptor that is sensitive to fluid concentration in the blood plasma and that regulates the secretion of antidiuretic hormone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of a pure solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a solution with a lower solute concentration to one with a higher solute concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drawing power for water, which depends on the number of molecules in the solution. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition characterized by increased arterial carbon dioxide concentration, excess carbonic acid, and increased hydrogen ion concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition characterized by decreased arterial carbon dioxide concentration and decreased hydrogen ion concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Water loss that occurs through excess perspiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance dissolved in a solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mixture of one or more substances dissolved in another substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any liquid in which anotehr substance can be dissolved. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid from other fluids by a cellular barrier and consists of cerebrospinal, pleural, gastrointestinal, intraocular, peritonela, and synovial fluids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Systemic response by the body to the administration of blood incompatible with that of the recipient. |
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Term
| Vascular Access Devices (VADs) |
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Definition
| Catheters, cannulas, or infusion ports designed for long-term repeated access to the vascular system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Technique in which a vein is punctured transcutaneously by a sharp, rigid stylet or by a needle attached a syringe. |
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