Term
|
Definition
| The area within a prokaryotic cell where the genetic material is to be found. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flagella are filamentous protein structures attached to the cell surface that provide the swimming movement for most motile procaryotes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The fimbriae of the uterine tube, also known as fimbriae tubae, are small, fingerlike projections at the end of the fallopian tubes, through which eggs move from the ovaries to the uterus. The fimbriae are connected to the ovary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found in bacteria as small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria, despite their simplicity, contain a well-developed cell structure which is responsible for many of their unique biological structures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chloroplasts are the food producers of the cell.Chloroplasts work to convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can be used by cells. The entire process is called photosynthesis and it all depends on the little green chlorophyll molecules in each chloroplast. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mitochondria are the energy factories of the cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The nucleus regulates all cell activity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The nucleolus is a round body located inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. It is not surrounded by a membrane but sits in the nucleus. The nucleolus makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and ribosomal RNA, also known as rRNA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nuclear pore complexes allow the transport of molecules across the nuclear envelope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anything that needs to pass between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm can only do so through holes in the membrane called nuclear pores. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ribosomes are where RNA is translated into protein. This process is called protein synthesis. |
|
|
Term
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
|
Definition
| Rough ER (RER) is involved in some protein production, protein folding, quality control and despatch. It is called ‘rough’ because it is studded with ribosomes |
|
|
Term
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
|
Definition
| Smooth E R (SER) is associated with the production and metabolism of fats and steroid hormones. It is ‘smooth’ because it is not studded with ribosomes and is associated with smooth slippery fats. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in all plant and animal cells and is the term given to groups of flattened disc-like structures located close to the endoplasmic reticulum. It receives proteins and lipids (fats) from the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It modifies some of them and sorts, concentrates and packs them into sealed droplets called vesicles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cytoplasm is the fluid that fills a cell. The cytosol in a cell does more than just suspend the organelles. It uses its dissolved enzymes to break down all of those larger molecules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The central vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle containing water and other enzymes that function during the life of the plant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It surrounds the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lysosome is basically a specialized vesicle that holds a variety of enzymes. The enzyme proteins are first created in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Those proteins are packaged in a vesicle and sent to the Golgi apparatus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peroxisomes are small, membrane-enclosed organelles that contain enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic reactions, including several aspects of energy metabolism. |
|
|
