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| alkyl group - an alkane portion of a molecule, with one hydrogen atom removed to allow bonding to the rest of the molecule |
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| Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain carbon–carbon double bonds. A carbon–carbon double bond is the most reactive part of an alkene, so we say that the double bond is the functional group of the alkene. |
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| Alkynes are hydrocarbons with carbon–carbon triple bonds as their functional group. |
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| These aromatic hydrocarbons (also called arenes) are all derivatives of benzene, represented by a six-membered ring with three double bonds. |
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| Alcohols are organic compounds that contain the hydroxyl group 1¬OH2 as their functional group. The general formula for an alcohol is R-OH. |
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| Ethers are composed of two alkyl groups bonded to an oxygen atom. The general for- mula for an ether is R ¬ O ¬ R¿ |
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| A ketone has two alkyl groups bonded to the carbonyl group |
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| an aldehyde has one alkyl group and a hydrogen atom bonded to the carbonyl group. |
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| Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl group, ¬ COOH, as their functional group. The general formula for a carboxylic acid is R ¬ COOH |
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nitrile
A nitrile is a compound containing the cyano group, -C(triple bond)N |
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