Term
| Where is the digestive system located? |
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Definition
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Term
| The alimentary canal (GI tract) is how long? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the alimentary canal include? |
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Definition
| The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, cecum, small colon, large colon, rectum, and anus |
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Term
| Where does digestion begin? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does mastication include. |
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Definition
| Both mechanical and chemical digestion. The teeth break up the food mechanically, and chemical digestion begins with saliva. |
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Term
| A horse has how mnay milk-teeth at birth? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many teeth does a full-mouthed stallion or gelding have? |
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Definition
| 40 teeth, including tushes, which are removed in many horses, since they serve no purupose and often interfere with the bit. |
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Term
| How many teeth does a mare have? |
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Definition
| 36 teeth. Mares normally lack canine teeth, or have only vestigial evidence of them. |
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Term
| What is saliva produced by? How much saliva is produced in a day? |
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Definition
| Three sets of salivary glands. 10 gallons. |
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Term
| What enzyme does saliva contain and what does it do? |
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Definition
| Ptyalin, which converts starch to maltose, a simple sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| The funnel shaped cavity where the respiratory and digestive tracts cross. |
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Term
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Definition
| A muscular tube, about 5 feet long, which takes food into the stomach. |
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Term
| While in the espohagus, what is food known as? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A series of weave-like muscualar contractions which move food in the espohagus. |
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Term
| Why is it impossible for a horse to vomit? |
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Definition
| Peristalsis is a one-way movement. |
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Term
| Food enters the stomach through the ____, which is held closed by a muscle known as the ______. |
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Definition
| cardia; cardiac sphincter |
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Term
| What is the capacity of the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is almost immediately passed out of the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are gastric juices produced by? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main gastric juices and what do they do? |
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Definition
Peptic acid (pepsin) = breaks down protein
Hydrochloric Acid = disolves mineral matter |
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Term
| At what point does the stomach completely empty? |
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Definition
| After food is withheld for over 24 hours. |
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Term
| While in the stomach, what is food known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Chyme leaves the stomach through what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The small intestine is approximately how long? With a capacity of how much? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three parts of the small intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three parts of the small intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A bluish green fluid secreted by the liver which aids in the emulsification (breakdown) of fats. |
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Term
| What effect does the horse have because it lacks a gull bladder? |
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Definition
| Bile is used as it is produced and their isn't a stored supply. |
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Term
| What does the pancreas produce? |
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Definition
| Pancreatic juice, which works on carbs. |
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Term
| What do bile and pancreatice juice do? |
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Definition
| Enter the small intestine through a common duct, and work with other enzymes to digest fats, carbs other than cellulose, proteins and the remaining minerals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Finger-like projections in the intestinal wall which absorb nutrients in the small intestine, mainly in the jejunum |
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Term
| Where does food go after the small intestine? |
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Definition
| Cecum, also called the water or blind gut |
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Term
| How long is the cecum? What's its capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is synthesized in the cecum? |
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Definition
| vitamin B12, as well as several non-essential amino acids and other B vitamins. |
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Term
| Material moves more slowly through the ____ than any other part of the digestive tract. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does food go after the cecum? |
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Definition
| Undigested material moves into the remaineder of the large intestine, where the rest of the B complex vitamins and amino acids are synthesized. |
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Term
| How is cellulose digested? |
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Definition
| With the help of the microscopic organisms living in the large intestines. |
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Term
| How long is the large intestine? What is its capacity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the accessory organs to the digestive system? |
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Definition
| Liver, pancreas, teeth and salivary glands |
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Term
| What is the largest gland in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three pairs of salivary glands? |
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Definition
| Parotid, submaxillary (submandibular), and the sublingual |
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Term
| What is the membrane that protects the digestive organs called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A double fold of the peritoneum which supports the small intestine. |
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Term
| What does the mesentary artery do? |
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Definition
| Supply blood to the small intestine. |
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