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FULLER CH. 12
Anesthesia, Anesthetiecs, and Physiological Monitoring
25
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/29/2012

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Term
ANESTHESIA
Definition
THE ABSENCE OF SENSORY AWARNESS OR MEDICALLY INDUCED UNCONSCIOUSNESS.
Term
ANESTHESIA MACHINE
Definition
A BIOTECHNICAL DEVICE USED TO DELIVER ANESTHETIC GASES OR VOLATILE LIQUIDS AND PROVIDE PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING.
Term
ANESTHESIA TECHNICIAN
Definition
AN ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONAL TRAINED TO ASSIST THE ANESTHESIA CARE PROVIDER.
Term
ANESTHESIOLOGIST
Definition
A PHYSICAN SPECIALIST IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF ANESTHETICS AND PAIN MANAGEMENT.
Term
ANESTHETIC
Definition
A DRUG THAT REDUCES OR BLOCKS SENSATION OR INDUCES UNCONSCIOUSNESS.
Term
BRONCHASPASM
Definition
AN INVOLUNTARY SMOOTH MUSCLE SPASM OF THE BRONCHI.
Term
CONSCIOUSNESS
Definition
NEUROLGICAL STATUS IN WHICH A PATIENT IS ABLE TO SENSE ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI SUCH AS SIGHT, SOUND, TOUCH, PRESSURE, PAIN, HEAT, AND COLD.
Term
CRICOID PRESSURE
Definition
DIRECT MANUAL PRESSURE ON THE CRICOID CARTILAGE TO PREVENT ASPIRATION AND FACILITATE INTUBATION.
Term
CYANOSIS
Definition
A BLUE OR DUSKY HUE OF THE SKIN THAT RESULTS FROM INADEQUATE PERFUSION OF TISSUE.
Term
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
Definition
AN ARTIFICIAL AIRWAY (TUBE) THAT IS INSERTED INTO THE PATIENT'S TRACHEA TO MAINTAIN PATENCY.
Term
EXTUBATION
Definition
WITHDRAWAL OF AN ARTIFICIAL AIRWAY.
Term
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Definition
ANESTHESIA ASSOCIATED WITH A STATE OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS.  IT'S NOT A FIXED STATE OF UNCONSCIOUSNESS, BUT RATHER RANGES ALONG A CONTINUUM FROM SEMIRESPONSIVENESS TO PROFOUND UNRESPONSIVENESS.
Term
INDUCTION
Definition
INITIATION OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA WITH A DRUG THAT CAUSES UNCONSCIOUSNESS.
Term
INTUBATION
Definition
THE PROCESS OF INSERTING AN INVASIVE ARTIFICIAL AIRWAY.
Term
LAYRNGOSCOPE
Definition
A LIGHTED INSTRUMENT USED TO ASSIST ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION.
Term
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA
Definition
A RARE STAT OF HYPERMETABOLISM THAT OCCURS IN ASSOCIATION WITH INHALATION OF ANESTHETICS AND NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS. IN EXTREME CASES, THE CONDITION CAUSES HYPERPYREXIA, SEIZURES, AND CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA.
Term

MONITERED ANESTHISIA CARE

(MAC)

Definition
MONITORING OF VITAL FUNCTIONS DURING REGIONAL ANESTHESIA TO ENSURE THE PATIENT'S SAFETY AND COMFORT.
Term
PERFUSION
Definition
CIRCULATION OF BLOOD TO SPECIFIC TISSUE, ORGAN, SYSTEM, OR THE WHOLE BODY.  IT IS NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN LIFE IN THE CELLS.
Term
POSTANESTHESIA RECOVERY UNIT (PACU)
Definition
THE CRITICAL CARE UNIT IN WHICH PATIENTS RECOVER FROM THE SEDATION OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA.
Term
PREOPERATIVE MEDICATION
Definition
ONE OR MORE DRUGS ADMINISTERED BEFORE SURGERY TO PREVENT COMPLICATIONS REALTED TO THE SURGICAL PROCEURE OR ANESTHESIA.
Term
PULSE OXIMETER
Definition
A MONITORING DEVICE THAT MEASURES THE PATIENT'S HEMOGLOBIN OXYGEN SATURATION BY MEANS OF SPECTROMETRY.
Term
SEDATIVE
Definition
A DRUG THAT INDUCES A RANGE OF UNCONSCIOUS STATES.  THE EFFECTS ARE DOSE DEPENDENT.  AT LOW DOSES, SEDATIVES CAUSE SOME DROWSINESS.  INCREASING THE DOSE CAUSES CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION, ENDING IN LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS.
Term
TOPICAL ANESTHESIA
Definition
ANESTHESIA OF SUPERFICIAL NERVES OF THE SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANES.
Term
VENTILATION
Definition
THE PHYSICAL ACT OF TAKING AIR INTO THE LUNGS BY INFLATION AND RELEASING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE LUNGS BY DEFLATION.
Term
HYP0THERMIA
Definition
A SUBNORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE.
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