Term
| What 3 variables are needed to estimate crop load? |
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Definition
-berry weight
-berries per vine
-vines per acre |
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Term
| How close was the class crop estimate compared to the managers estimate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was this estimate low, moderate, or high compared to industry standards? |
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Definition
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Term
| What variables determine maturity estimation? |
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Definition
-Brix (degree)
-berry weight
-titratable acidity |
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Term
| How do you calculate crop estimate |
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Definition
| Cluster Per Vine x Weight Per Cluster x Vine Per Acre |
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Term
| What happens to maturity variables after 3 weeks - (Berry Weight) |
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Definition
| Berry weight DECREASES due to dehydration or loss of water |
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Term
| What happens to maturity variables after 3 weeks - (Titratable Acidity) |
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Definition
| Titratable acidity goes down to 3.375; tend b/c as acids decrease Brix increase (inverse relationship) |
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Term
| What happens to maturity variables after 3 weeks - (Brix) |
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Definition
| Brix went up to 24, as we lost water sugars increased |
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Term
| How much actual P is in one pound of P2O5? |
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Definition
0.437 actual P
2(31)+5(16)=62+80=142
62/142=0.437 |
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Term
| How much actual K is in one pound of K2O? |
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Definition
0.829 actual K
2(39)+16=94
78/94=0.829 |
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Term
| Calculating Elemental Units from Fertilizer |
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Definition
| Rated Fertilizer x Constant (N,P.436 or K.829)= units of N,P,K |
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Term
| Calculating Lbs of Fertilizer from units given (needed) |
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Definition
| Units Given/% Rated Fert/Constant = lbs of fertilizer needed |
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Term
| ETc (cropevapotranspiration) |
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Definition
| the amount of water that a given crop loses through evaporation AND transpiration |
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Term
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Definition
the water use data for a reference crop growing in the same climatic conditions
-estimated from an irrigated grass crop |
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Term
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Definition
| The crop coefficient for that crop. Based on Growing Degree Days with peaks in Mid-season low in early and late season |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What variables calculate ETo |
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Definition
| Solar radiation, Air temp, Wind speed, Relative humidity |
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Term
| What is the name of the equation to calculate ETo |
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Definition
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Term
| How/when is Kc calculated? |
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Definition
depends on the amount shaded; taken at solar noon (11am-2).
y=-0.008 + 0.017x (x is % of shaded region) |
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Term
| Vine Density effect on Irrigation |
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Definition
| As irrigation increases, so does vine density (which is bad), so you would decrease your irrigation |
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Term
| What is another name for the pressure bomb? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the pressure bomb do? |
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Definition
| estimates water potential by measuring water status of the the plant, therefore you dont need to know the root distribution or soil water status |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of how tightly a vine holds on to the water column in the xylem |
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Term
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Definition
water is held in xylem under "tension" which is negative pressure
-held tightly (high tension)--> low water potential (water stress)
-low tension--> high water potential |
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Term
| What are the Old and New Units for the pressure bomb? |
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Definition
old units = bars
new units = megapascals
1 Bar = -0.1 MPa |
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Term
| How many units is no stress, moderate, and stress expressed? |
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Definition
no stress = < -1.0 MPa
typical = -1.2 to -1.3
stress = -1.6 to -1.8 |
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Term
| how do you estimate vine vigor and crop balance with pruning? |
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Definition
| By the number of buds per vine and how close/far the buds are to each other as well as their positioning on the vine (balance) |
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Term
| How can we improve vigor/crop balance with pruning? |
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Definition
| Prune back to 10-15 buds per pound of pruning weight b/c this is optimal |
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Term
| Two advantages of Cane Pruning |
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Definition
-less shoot crowding
-good for frost protection |
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Term
| Two disadvantages of Cane Pruning |
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Definition
-labor intensive and costly
-not easily mechanized |
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Term
| Two advantages of Spur Pruning |
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Definition
-less labor and quicker to do
-ease of mechanization |
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Term
| Two disadvantages of Spur Pruning |
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Definition
-spurs die leaving gaps in canopy
-some varieties result in lower yields |
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Term
| What was the difference in pruning between Trestle and Chorro vineyards? |
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Definition
Chorro was cane pruned like a machine. Trestle we had to count buds leaving 2 per spur (less buds-->more veg growth) or (more buds-->less veg more berries)
-10 to 15 buds per vine |
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Term
| how did we cane prune the chardonnay at the Gallo vineyard? |
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Definition
| leave 2 buds per spur->prune canes off->even out spur positions |
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