Term
| stimulant, was banned in the US due to cardiovascular events and death |
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Definition
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Term
| prevents the enzyme alpha-amylase from binding with starches; starches cannot be broken down to sugars to be absorbed in the small intestine |
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Definition
| Phaseolus Vulgaris (white bean) extract |
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Term
| Binds to pancreatic lipases and inhibits their activity; decreases fat absorption by 25-30%; inhibits fat soluble vitamins |
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Definition
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Term
| Diets using this can backfire, may interfere with the ability to regulate food intake leading to inefficient use of calories and weight gain; body tastes fat and gears up to digest fat |
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Definition
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Term
| Health study showed an average 3-4 lb weight loss when used over 3 months (consumed before each meal); resist weight gain and show no signs of metabolic syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| activates the liver PPAR alpha receptor breaking down fat int oenergy; activates PPARy receptor increasing insulin sensitivity |
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Definition
| Naringenin (antioxidant flavonoid derived from grapefruits) |
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Term
| incretin hormone secreted by intestinal L-cells and some neurons which acts on beta-cells to stimulate insulin secretion and biosynthesis, decrease glucagon secretion, and promote pancreatic beta-cell growth |
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Definition
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Term
| produce over 80 proteins and hormones which control appetite, insulin resistance and INFLAMMATION |
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Definition
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Term
| Being 15-20% overweight prompts this in adipose tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Phenotypic change in adipose tissue due to obesity |
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Definition
| results in protein, cytokine and epigenetic shifts favoring weight gain |
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Term
| promote insulin resistance, fat gain and inflammation |
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Definition
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Term
| chronic, low grade inflammation |
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Definition
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Term
| Excess leptin from too many fat cells |
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Definition
| Stimulates CD4 T cells to produce interferon gamma |
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Term
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Definition
| signals adipose cells to make histocompatibility complex II |
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Term
| histocompatibility complex II |
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Definition
| proteins expressed to combat virus and bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| attracts immune cells like macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| Form crown like structures aroudn fat cells who have outgrown their blood supply and died |
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Term
| secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines promoting metabolic syndrome and metaflammation |
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Definition
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Term
| Obesity Metaflammation Response |
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Definition
| Fat Gain; Less Energy; Hormonal Disruptions; Increases Disease Risk |
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Term
| Fat Gain (Metaflammation Response) |
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Definition
| Up-regulates fat storage enzymes; promotes inactivity and over-eating; disrupts carb metabolism; disrupts appetite regulation; causes brain inflammation |
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Term
| The promoting of inactivity and over-eating by fat gain |
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Definition
| down-regulation of neuropeptide Y and up-regulation of melanocortin pathways in hypothalamus |
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Term
| Less Energy (Metaflammation Response) |
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Definition
| Promotes small, dysfunctional mitochondria |
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Term
| Hormonal Disruptions (Metaflammation Response) |
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Definition
| Increases estrogen production which feminizes men; disrupts women's hormone cycle (PCOS) which increases testosterone in women |
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Term
| Increases Disease Risk (metaflammation response) |
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Definition
| increases risk of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, hypertension, elevated blood lipids, central obesity); increase cancer risk |
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Term
| Work best for people who are less sensitive to insulin (25% of population) |
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Definition
| low fat (20-30%), high carb diets (over 45%) |
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Term
| more metabolically active; high amounts may elevate triglycerides and other blood lipids, increase inflammation, increased risk of metabolic syndrome disorder, lower levels of hormones and neurotransmitters, increase lean tissue loss |
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Definition
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Term
| many studies show that people lose more fat on this |
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Definition
| higher fat (over 30%), lower carb diet (under 45%) |
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Term
| decreased abdominal fat by 11%; better for insulin sensitive women |
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Definition
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Term
| shows lower triglycerides, LDL and increased HDL. Decreased abdominal fat, promotes fat loss while preserving lean tissue and muscle. Increase hormone levels, promotes immune system, reduces hunger |
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Definition
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Term
| as effective as calorie counting all week; does not lower metabolic rate and 'resets' body's carbohydrate metabolism |
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Definition
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Term
| Intermittent fasting metabolic changes |
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Definition
| lower blood pressure, reduced cholesterol, lower fasting glucose, decreased metainflammation, reduced incidence of metabolic syndrome |
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Term
| As effective as low calorie diets |
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Definition
| intermittent low carb/high protein diets |
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Term
| Several studies have found the best weight loss and health benefits are from: |
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Definition
| low carb diet or fasting 2-3 days/week |
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Term
| Low carb diet was superior to this in reducing weight, body fat and insulin resistance |
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Definition
| low calorie and Mediterranean diet |
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Term
| Epigenetic favorite reduces cardiovascular, metabolic syndrome and cancer risk |
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Definition
| 1/3 protein, 1/3 fat, 1/3 carb diet |
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Term
| exercise, protein, spinach |
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Definition
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Term
| protein, dietary fiber, fat |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| absorption inhibitors: inhibit fat or sugar absorption |
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Term
| omega 3 fats, moderate carb diet, exercise |
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Definition
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Term
| exercise, higher protein diet, magnesium |
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Definition
| stress relieving agents: decrease cortisol secretion |
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Term
| increases muscle strength, fat loss, immunity, bone strength, also decreases blood pressure and blood lipids |
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Definition
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Term
| Over half of these are fake |
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Definition
| Hoodia (appetite suppressor) |
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Term
| Interact with medications |
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Definition
| St. John's Wort (antidepressant), Cascara (laxative) |
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Term
| can cause electrolyte imbalances (strong laxative) |
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Definition
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Term
| can result in esophagus, bowel obstructions and even death |
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Definition
| Glucomannan and guar gum (both fiber supplements) |
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Term
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Definition
| may interfere with the ability to regulate food intake leading to inefficient use of calories and weight gain; body tastes fat (CD36 receptors) and gears up to digest fat |
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Term
| when activated it breaks down fat into energy |
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Definition
| PPAR alpha receptor in liver |
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Term
| increases HDL cholesterol, decreases appetite, increase vitamin C intake and stimulates cytochrome p450 |
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Definition
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Term
| improved insulin sensitivity and glycemic regulation in people with type 2 diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
| normalizes carb metabolism; up-regulates energy metabolism; increases hormone production; increases muscle tissue; promotes a fat burning state in the body with increased energy levels; makes you feel and look younger |
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Definition
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