Term
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Definition
| Combination of hunting groups who identified with the territory and shared cultural traits, language, beliefs, that they recognized as forming political unity. |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 nuclear families, 9-10 months of the year |
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Term
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Definition
Chosen by the spirit, not by people
Guiding, not punishing people |
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Term
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Definition
Indian leaders put in charge of bringing groups of indians with furs to trading posts
Created leaders in communities where there were none previously
Were chosen by people at the trading posts who could choose untrustworthy, selfish, etc ppl
Were bribed with medals to come back year after year |
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Term
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Definition
| Elected chief as required by Indian Act, held little power within formal political system, but still remained important within community |
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Term
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Definition
Served as intermediaries btw natives and government
Interfered deeply within band til they were in charge of every aspect of natives life
Similar role to indian agents |
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Term
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Definition
Each community assigned one
As administrator, took over political life of reserve and traditional duties as chief |
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Term
| Residential boarding school |
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Definition
Began in Quebec in 50's and ending in 80's, forced education imposed by the government
Shown how to "create social life"
Divided by sexes |
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Term
| What were the 2 general circumstances that altered international politics in the post-war era to enable the promotion of indigenous rights? |
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Definition
- The struggle against fascism contributed to a greater receptiveness at the international level toward measures for the protection of minorities with standards intended to resist racism and discrimination.
- The dismantling of euro-colonies raised global awareness of political hegemony and the myriad forms of cultural surpression... |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to dynamics of culture in process of (re)construction, to the addition of new features in a culture |
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Term
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Definition
- Indigenous people united to have claims heard
- Based on denunciation of shared experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| the institutional arrangements, rules and understandings that guide and shape concurrent policy decisions and expenditures of states, problem definitions by states and citizens, and claims making by citizens. |
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Term
| 4 dimensions of citizenship regimes |
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Definition
1. Formal recognition of particular rights and access to mechanisms for exercise of those rights, establishes the boundaries of inclusion and exclusion
2. Prescribes democratic rules of the game for a polity.
3. Through recognition of formal status to individuals as well as its use of cultural and historical references to qualify the community, also contributes to definition of nation
4. Defines geographical borders of a political community |
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Term
| 3 moments of Cree mobilization |
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Definition
1. Against hydro electric development (70s)
2. Against James Bay 2 (88-94)
3. Mobilization in the national unity debate about quebec status within Canada (90s) |
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Term
| How was women's power diminished by colonization? |
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Definition
1. Religious doctrines alienating women
2. Waning of shamanic practices
3. Capitalism - fur traders only dealt with men
4. Western medicine lead to end of role for midwives
5. Dissemination of patriarchy among Aboriginal men and colonial normative order
6. Imposition of Euro-Canadian laws |
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Term
| Positive outcomes of residential schools |
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Definition
Bousquet (2006: 4) considered the residential schools generation as “a
unique transitional generation who changed the social dynamics of their
communities” by using “culture as a
1-political tool [...] as
2-a means of protesting and claiming justice or
3-a resource which Aboriginal People can use to negotiate with EuroCanadians society”. |
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Term
| The term self-determination implies that Native people: |
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Definition
1-will be recognized as distinct culture and Nation;
2-will be pursuing their cultural and economic development freely;
3-and will determine their political future through self-government and local
autonomy (Umozurike, 1972, Frideres &Gadasc, 2005: 250-251). |
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Term
| 3 categories of people recognized to have leadership among the Algonquian: |
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Definition
1. The bands or family groups’ chiefs
2. The best hunters
3. The shamans |
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