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Foundations of Nursing Glossary Q - S
Foundations of Nursing Glossary Q - S
112
Nursing
Professional
07/28/2010

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Term
Qi
Definition

life force

Term

quality

assurance/assessment/improvement

Definition

in health care, any evaluation of services provided & the results acieved as compared with accepted standards

Term
quality of life
Definition

a measure of the optimum energy that endows a person with the power to cope successfully with the full range of challenges encountered in the real world

Term
RACE
Definition

a formula to enable nurses to be prepared when safety is threatened by fire

 

Rescue the patient

Alarm - Pull the alarm

Confine the fire

Extinguish or Evacuate

Term
race
Definition

a group of people who share biologic & physical characteristics

Term
racism
Definition

any ethocentric activity - cultural, individual, or istitutional, deliberate or not - that is based on a belief in the superiority of one racial group over other racial groups

 

the oppression of, thus maintaining control over, these groups

Term

range of motion

ROM

Definition

normal movement that any given joint is capable of making

 

Any body action involving the muscles, joints, & natural directional movements

Term

rapid eye movement

REM

Definition

one of the two highly individualized sleeping states that follows NREM state

 

May last from a few minutes to a half hour & alternate with NREM periods

 

dreaming occurs during this time

Term
ratio
Definition

relationship of one number or quality to another number or quality

Term
raves
Definition

all-night parties or "trances"

 

often the scene of club drug use

Term
receiver
Definition

the individual or individuals to whom a message is conveyed

Term
receptive aphasia
Definition

a physiological condition in which an individual cannot recognize or interpret the message being received

Term
receptors
Definition

molecules that recognize or respond to specific invaders

Term
reciprocity
Definition

* mutual agreement to exchange privilege, dependence, or relationships as an agreement between two governing bodies to accept the credit of caregivers licensed in each state * True ___________ means that individuals licensed in one state can automatically receive licensure in the next, even if the licensure requirements of the states differ.

Term
recording
Definition

process of adding written information to the chart, usually at prescribed intervals

Term
Reed-Sternberg cells
Definition

atypical histiocytes

 

large, abnormal, multinucleated cells in the lymphatic system, found in Hodgkin's lymphoma

Term
referred pain
Definition

pain that is felt at a site other than in the injured or diseased organ or part of the body

Term
reflecting
Definition

a communication technique that assists the patient to "reflect" on inner feelings & thoughts rather than seeking answers or advice from someone else

Term
reflexology
Definition

- a form of complimentary & alternative medicine based on the premise that zones & reflexes in different parts of the body correspond to all parts, glands, & organs of the entire body

- In "this" it is thought that the entire body can be reached by applying pressure to specific areas of the feet

Term
relaxation
Definition

the state of generalized decreased cognitive, physiologic, or behavioral arousal

Term
reservior
Definition

any natural habitat of a microorganism that promotes growth & reproduction

Term

resident assessment instrument

RAI

Definition

a comprehensive tool that includes the minimum data set, resident assessment protocols, & guidelines for functional assessment of the resident

Term
residential care
Definition

a setting for older adults, providing a wide range of services, such as assisted living & continuing care

Term
residual urine
Definition

urine remaining in the urinary tract after voiding

Term
residue
Definition

bulk in the colon that includes undigested food, fiber, bacteria, body secretions, & cells

Term
resignation
Definition

act of resigning

 

giving up a position of employment

Term
respirations
Definition

the taking in of oxygen, its use in the tissues, & the giving off of carbon dioxide (CO2)

 

The act of breathing

 

one inhalation followed by one exhalation is one __________.

Term
respite
Definition

period of relief from responsibilities for the care of a patient

Term
restating
Definition

a communication technique that involves the nurse repeating to the patient what the nurse believes to be the main point that the patient is trying to convey.

Term
restitution
Definition

in obstetrics, the turning of the fetal head to the left or the right after it has completely emerged from the introitus of the vagina as it assume a normal alignment with the infant's shoulders

Term
resorative nursing care
Definition

basic concepts of physical therapy for maintenance of functional mobility & activity

Term
re'sume'
Definition

a summary of educational & professional experiences, including activities & honors, to be used in seeking employment for biologic citations on professional programs or related purposes

Term
retrovirus
Definition

lentivirus that contains reverse transcriptase, which is essential for reverse transcription ( the production of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule from a ribonucleic acid (RNA) model)

Term
risk nursing diagnosis
Definition

a clinical judgment that an individual, family, or community is more vulneralble to develop tha problem than others in the same or similar situation

Term
role
Definition

a socially excepted behavior pattern associated with an individual's function in varios social groups

Term

safety reminder device

SRD

Definition

any one of numerous devices used to immobilize a patient

 

formerly referred to as a restraint

Term
sanguineous
Definition

pertaining to blood

Term
sarcoma
Definition

malignant tumor of connective tissues such as muscle or bone

 

usually presents as a painless swelling

Term
satiety
Definition

feeling of fullness & satisfaction of food

Term
savants
Definition

children with autism who excel in particular areas such as art, music, memory, mathematics, or perceptual skills such as puzzle building

Term
schema
Definition

innate knowledge structure that allows a child to organize his or her own mind

Term
schitzophrenia
Definition

any one of a large group of psychotic disorders characterized by gross distortion of reality, disturbances of language & communication, & disorganized & fragmented thought, preception, & emotional reaction

Term
school avoidance
Definition

repeated absence from school of a child who is physically healthy

Term
school violence
Definition

anything that physically or psychologically injures schoolchildren or damages school property

Term
secondary intention
Definition

healing that occurs when skin edges of a wound are not close together or when pus is formed

Term
self-concept
Definition

how an individual views the self

 

pertains to personal identity, body image, role, & self-esteem

Term
semi-Fowler's position
Definition

the position a patient assumes while lying in bed

 

the head of the bed is raised about 30 degrees, & the foot of the bed is raised slightly

Term
sender
Definition

the person conveying a message

Term
senescence stage
Definition

the last stage of the life cycle that requires the older adult to cope with a long range of changes

Term
senile
Definition

the state of physical & mental deterioration associated with aging

Term
senility
Definition

pertaining to or characteristic of old age or the process of aging

Term
sensitivity
Definition

a laboratory method of determining the effectiveness of antibiotics

 

A report of resistance means that the antibiotic is not effective in inhibiting the growth of a pathogen, whereas use of an effective antibiotic results in a sensitive result.

Term
sensorimotor deprivation
Definition

an involuntary loss of physical awareness caused by detachment from external sensory stemuli

Term
separation anxiety
Definition

fear & apprehension caused by separation from familiar surroundings & significant people

Term
sequestrum
Definition

a fragment of necrotic bone that is partially or entirely detached from the surrounding or adjacent healthy bone

Term
seroconversion
Definition

the development of detectable levels of antibodies

 

a change in serologic tests (ex: ELISA & Western blot) from negative to positive as antibodies develop in reaction to an infection

Term
seronegative
Definition

negative result on serologic examination

 

The state of lacking HIV antibodies

 

confirmed by blood tests

Term
serosanguineous
Definition

thin, red exudate composed of serum & blood

Term
serotonin syndrome
Definition

a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur as a result of an interaction between a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) & another serotonergic agent

Term
serous
Definition

thin, water exudate composing the serum part of blood

Term
shearing forces
Definition

applied forces or pressure exerted against the surface & layers of skin as tissue slides in opposite but parallel planes

Term
shock
Definition

abnormal condition of inadequate blood flow to peripheral tissues, with life-threatening cellular dysfunction, hypotension, & oliguria

Term
sickled cell
Definition

erythrocyte whose characteristic round shape has altered to an elongated cresent shape

Term
sign
Definition

an objective finding as perceived by the examiner

 

A ____ can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner.

Term
Sim's position
Definition

lying on the left side with the right knee & thigh drawn upward toward the chest

 

the chest & the abdomen are allowed to fall forward

Term
single-parent family
Definition

family group that occurs when one parent leaves the nuclear family because of divorice, separation, desertion, or death.

 

May also be the result of unwed parents living alone or the decision of a single person to adopt a child.

Term
situational loss
Definition

loss occurring suddenly in response to a specific external effect

Term

skilled nursing facility

SNF

Definition

houses a subacute unit with a stronger rehabilitative focus & shorter length of stay than a long-term facility

Term
SOAPE
Definition

charting format used in POMR. Components include:

(S) subjective data reported by the patient

(O) objective data

(A) assessment of the problem; aquired by inspection, percussion, auscultation, & palpation, & by tests, usually measurable findings

(P) plan to solve the problem

(E) evaluation of the patient's response to the Tx

 

Term
SOAPIER
Definition

same as SOAPE charting except that

(I) intervention

(R) revision

are added

 

Interventions are specific actions carried out, & revisions are the changes to be made to the original plan

Term

social contract family /

cohabitation

Definition

unmarried couple living together & sharing roles & responsibilities similar to those of the nuclear family structure

Term
society
Definition

a nation, community, or broad group of people who establish particular aims, beliefs or standards of living & conduct

Term

sodium

Na

Definition

the most abundant electrolyte in the body

 

the major extracellular electrolyte

 

it is a cation

Term
somatization
Definition

a disorder characterized by recurrent, multiple, physical complaints & symptoms for which there is no organic cause

Term
souffle cup
Definition

ungraduated, disposable cup

Term
specimen
Definition

a sample of something, intended to show the nature of the whole, such as a urine ________.

Term
sphygmomanometer
Definition

device for measuring arterial blood pressure

 

a blood pressure cuff

Term

spinal cord injury

SCI

Definition

an injury in which the spinal cord is compressed by fractures or displaced vetebrae, bleeding, or edema

Term
spore
Definition

the reproductive cell of some microorganisms such as fungi or protozoa

 

These cells are highly resistant to heat & chemicals.

 

Underproper environmental conditions they may revert to an actively multiplying form of bacterium (ex: gas gangrene or tetanus)

Term
stages of dependence
Definition

the 3 characteristic stages of dependence, which are chronic, incurable, & progressive

Term

3 characteristic

stages of development

Definition

chronic

incurable

progressive

Term
standard precautions
Definition

a set of guidelines set forth by the CDC to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogenes & pathogens for moist body substances

 

"These" are designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized & unrecognized sources of infection.

Term
standardized languages
Definition

a structured vocabulary that provides nurses with a common means of communication

Term
standards of care
Definition

those acts that are permitted to be performed or prohibited from being performed by a prudent person working within the limits of the training, licensing, experience, & conditions existing at the time of the duty to give care

Term
stapedectomy
Definition

the removal of the stapes of the middle ear & incertion of a graft & prosthesis

Term
steatorrhea
Definition

excessive fat in the feces

Term
stereotype
Definition

a generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or group

Term
sterilization
Definition

a process by which all microorganisms, including their spores, are destroyed

Term
stethoscope
Definition

instrument place against a patient's bobdy to hear heart, lung, or bowel sounds

Term
stimulants
Definition

drugs that affect the cetral nervous system (CNS)

Term
stomatitis
Definition

inflammation of the mouth due to destruction of normal cells of the oral cavity that may result from infection by bacteria, viruses, or fungi from exposure to certain chemicals or drugs, vitamin deficiency, or systemic inflammatory disease

Term
street drugs
Definition

substances (drugs) sold to users ilegally by drug dealers & that are manufactured without strict controls, ileagally obtained prescription drugs, or drugs not approved for use in the United states

Term
stress
Definition

the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it

Term
stressor
Definition

a situation, activity, or event that produces stress

Term
stridor
Definition

harsh sound made during rspirations

 

high pitched & resembling the bloing of wind

 

due to obstruction of air passages

Term
subacute unit
Definition

institutional setting that provides a less expensive alternative to acute care

 

a bridge between acute care & long-term care

Term
subculture
Definition

a group that shares many characteristics with the primary culture but has characteristic patterns of behavior & ideals that distinguish it from the rest of a cultural group

Term
subjective data
Definition

symptoms

 

verbal statements provided by the patient

 

That which arises from within or is preceived by the individual & related to the examiner

Term
sublingual
Definition

under the tongue

Term
subluxation
Definition

partial dislocation

Term
sundowning syndrome
Definition

sometimes referred to as nocturnal delirium

 

Manifested by increased disorientation & agitation only during the evening & nighttime.

 

Seen more often in older adults.

Term
supination
Definition

kind of rotation that allows the palm of the hand to turn up

Term
supine
Definition

being in the horizontal position, lying face upward

Term
surfactant
Definition

lipoprotein necessary for normal respiratory function that prevents alveolar collapse (atelectasis)

 

may be necessary for preterm infants

Term
surgical asepsis
Definition

a group of tecniques that destroy all microorganisms & their spores (sterile technique)

Term
surveillance
Definition

exercise of continuous scrutitiny of & watchfulness over the distibution & spread of infections & factors related thereto, of sufficient accuaracy & completeness to be effective control

Term
symptom
Definition

subjective indication of a disease or a change in condition as preceived by the patient

Term
syncope
Definition

a transient loss of consciousness due to inadequate blood flow to the brain

 

fainting

Term
syndactyly
Definition

malformation of digits, commonly seen as fusion of two or more toes to form one structure

Term
syndrome nursing diagnosis
Definition

used when a cluster of actual or risk nursing diagnoses are predicted to be present in certain circumstances

Term
synergistic
Definition

action of two or more substances or organs to achieve an effect of which each is capable

Term
systolic
Definition

the number or reading that represents ventricles contracting, forcing blood into the aorta & pulmonary arteries

 

In BP readings, it is the higher of the two readings

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