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| The case of Frye v. United States deals with the legal issue of: |
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Definition
| General acceptance of scientific principles |
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| Scientific evaluation of crime-scene evidence can usually overcome the results of a poorly conducted criminal investigation. |
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| Forensic Science is the application of science to: |
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| Both criminal and civil laws |
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| The exchange of evidence principle is credited to whom? |
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| The most basic methods of documenting a crime do not include: |
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| One Inch is equivalent to how many centimeters: |
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| Water boils at 100 degrees temperature in Celsius. |
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| The basic metric unit for volume is the |
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| A victim's fingernail clippings would be correctly packaged in: |
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| Success in the recognition and collection of physical evidence is determined primarily by the: |
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Definition
| Skill of personnel processing the crime scene |
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| A properly maintained chain of custody is not the responsibility of the: |
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| Organic chemistry is the study of compounds based on: |
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| Alcohol is oxidized in the body primarily in: |
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| Alcohol is eliminated from the body through oxidationad exretion. |
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| When a police officer conducts a field sobriety test on a driver suspected of driving while under the influence the police officer may request the drive to perform psychophysical tests these include all below except: |
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| Acid-phosphatase is a major of constituent of? |
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| A Kastle-Meyer Test is a test that turns pink when positive for blood: |
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Term
| The presence of ___ proves that a stain is eminal in nature: |
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Definition
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| The use of luminol can tentatively identify a stain as blood. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does rifling in a gun barrel do: |
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Definition
| Makes the bullet go straighter and faster, imparts a identifiable striations on the bullet, and leaves land and grooves marked on a bullet. |
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Term
| A cartridge case can be individualized to a single weapon by the various marks left on it: |
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Definition
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| Who established the comparison microscope as the indispensable tool of the modern firearms examiner? |
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Definition
| Forensic Science is science applied to civil and criminal law |
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| What are the Basic Services provided by a Full-Service Crime Laboratory? |
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Definition
Physical Science Unit – Incorporates the principles of chemistry, physics, and geology to identify and compare
physical evidence.
-- May be further divided into Drug Identification, Soil & Mineral Analysis, and Trace Evidence sections.
• Biology Unit – Applies the knowledge of biological sciences in order to investigate blood samples, body fluids,
botanical samples, hair, and fiber samples.
-- Includes DNA profiling
• Firearms Unit – Investigates discharged bullets, cartridge cases, shotgun shells, and ammunition.
-- Also includes comparison of tool marks, tire treads, and shoe prints.
• Document Examination Unit – Provides the skills needed for handwriting analysis and other questioned
document issues.
-- Also analyzes paper and ink, indentations, obliterations, erasures, and burned or charred documents.
• Photography Unit – Applies special photographic techniques for recording and examining physical evidence.
-- Special techniques include digital imaging, infrared & ultraviolet, and X-ray photography.
< Some crime laboratories may offer the optional services of toxicology, fingerprint analysis, voiceprint analysis,
evidence collection, and polygraph administration.
• Toxicology Unit – Examines body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons.
-- Also responsible for training Breathalyzer operators as well as maintenance of the instruments.
• Latent Fingerprint Unit – Processes and examines evidence for latent fingerprints.
• Polygraph Unit – Conducts polygraph (lie detector) tests, administered by people trained in investigation and
interrogation.
• Voiceprint Analysis Unit – Attempts to tie a recorded voice to a particular suspect.
-- An instrument called a sound spectrograph makes a visual graphic display called a voiceprint.
• Evidence-Collection Unit – Dispatches specially trained personnel to the crime scene to collect and preserve
physical evidence. |
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Term
| The case of Frye v. United States deal with the legal issue of: |
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Definition
| General acceptance of scientific principles |
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Term
| The process by which the body temperature cools after death is known as |
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Definition
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| Name and define three techniques for estimating the time of death. |
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| When making a Crime Scene sketch name at least two items that should be on it. |
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Definition
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| What are the five manners of death? |
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Definition
| NASH. Natural, Accidental, Suicide, Homicide, Undetermined. |
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Term
| A ________ performs an autopsy to determine the manner of death. |
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| When ______ sets in after death the skin will appear as dark blue or purple color in those areas closest to the ground. |
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| You are a Crime Scene Investigator assigned to conduct the forensic investigation at the scene of a Burglary. What methods do you use to record or document the scene? |
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| Name a method or methods utilized to conduct a crime scene search. |
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| Name three possible pieces of physical evidence from a hit and run scene. |
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Definition
| Paint Chips, Broken Tail light piece, blood. |
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Term
| The relative evidential value of laboratory test results is almost always dependent on: |
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Definition
| The way the evidence is collected and presented for examination |
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| List what type of evidence can be secured (with cooperation of the Medical Examiner) from a deceased individual for examination in the crime laboratory? |
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Definition
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| Physical evidence that can be used to aid in a Crime Scene reconstruction includes: |
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Definition
| Blood Spatter, Gunshot residue, Glass fragments, Shoe prints. |
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Term
| In the Metric system the fundamental unit of linear measure is the |
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Definition
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Term
| One Inch is equivalent to how many centimeters: |
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Definition
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Term
| Water boils at what temperature in Celsius ____ and Fahrenheit _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| If the laboratory can piece the broken glass from window or a headlight together, then the evidence has ______ characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a physical property of a substance. |
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Definition
| Color change in the presence of another chemical substance |
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Term
| The two most important physical properties of glass for forensic comparisions are: |
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Definition
| Refractive index and density |
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Term
| A piece of glass is immersed in a liquid. It proceeds to float on the liquids surface. This shows that the density of glass is ______ the density of the liquid. |
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Definition
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| The microscope examination of a bullet requires: |
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Definition
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| Name three types of microscopes: |
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Definition
| Comparison, Stereoscopic, Compound |
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Term
| A Sterescopic microscope that presents a distinctive _____ image: |
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Definition
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| The _______ is the are of a microscope where the specimens are placed for study. |
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| What is the least important consideration in the gathering of evidence at a crime scene? |
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| Forensic Odontology refers to the study of what? |
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Definition
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| The fracture line radiating outward from a crack in glass are known as _____ fractures. |
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Term
| A victim's fingernail scrapings would be correctly packaged in: |
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| Name at least two forensic databases: |
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Definition
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| Crime scene reconstruction invloves the efforts of all but the: |
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Definition
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| Name three physical properties to describe a substance: |
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Definition
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Term
| A _____ has volume and fills the shape of the container it is in. |
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Definition
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| Name three types of glass whose fragments can be studied to determine their origin: |
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Definition
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Term
| In order to determine the volume of a rectangular solid you must use the following formula: |
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Definition
| V= Length x Width x Height |
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Term
| Explain in detail Locard's Exchange Principle |
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Definition
| When two things come in contact with one another there is bound to be an exchange with them |
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