Term
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Definition
Damage to body which displays a
pattern or “signature” that is usually
associated with a well-known type of
injury |
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Term
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Definition
often used to
describe heat fractures |
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Term
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Definition
means an artificial
injury –postmortem damage
masquerading as antemortem or
perimortem injury |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when bone acts fresh, extends before and after death |
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Term
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Definition
fracture with
permanent bending & distortion. Seen in low energy fractures (e.g., fall or
hammer) |
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Term
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Definition
is a type of low energy
force producing plastic deformation |
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Term
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Definition
is high energy force
producing fracture with little deformation |
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Term
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Definition
(analogy to green
wood) Still has moisture, nitrogen, fats |
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Term
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Definition
Healing is absent
Perimortem-type pattern of injury is present
Perimortem-type fracture is present
Bone has not lost fats & moisture & appears “green”
Classic, typical perimortem (but can be postmortem)
Gunshot wounds
Butterfly fractures
Spiral fractures
Cranial: beveling & radial fracture patterns in vault
Cutmarks, V-shaped, but can be U-shaped
Maximal staining |
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Term
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Definition
Relatively lowvelocity impacts
over relatively large
surface area |
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Term
| Bone as biomechanical material |
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Definition
Both organic and inorganic materials present
(antemortem and perimortem)
Calcium hydroxyapetite
Collagen & other proteins
Water, polysaccharides, cells, blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bone is capable of absorbing and rebounding from stress without being permanently deformed |
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Term
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Definition
| point in which bone permanently deforms |
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Term
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Definition
| Bone is no longer capable of absorbing and rebounding from stress and is permanently deformed. |
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Term
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Definition
| point in which stress becomes too great and the bone fractures |
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Term
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Definition
Butterfly fractures can occur in “dry” and
defleshed bone as well as fresh |
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Term
| Spiral fracture of long bone |
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Definition
(all in
perimortem period)
Impact from weapon
Impact from large carnivore crunch
Impact from blunt force (fall, vehicle) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| impact in lower back of the head |
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Term
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Definition
Lesions sharp (r/o rapidly forming lytic
lesions, e.g. w/ undercutting)
Trabecular bone visible w/o remodelling
Haversion system interrupted, often torn |
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Term
Trauma versus developmental defects or
traits |
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Definition
Sternal foramina (no trabecular
exposure)
Infantile parietal margin defects
Deep frontal vascular grooves |
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Term
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Definition
| legally in charge of the recovery of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| particular expertise in scientific recovery and documentation of surface and buried remains |
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Term
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Definition
| recovery and documentation of evidence: artifacts and trace evidence |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| recovery office of chief medical examiner |
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Definition
| office of chief medical examiner, forensic anthropologist, evidence response team |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more bodies in contact- scientific concerns= decomposition issues |
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Term
| UN Special Rapporteaur definition: |
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Definition
| three or more victims of extra-judicial, summary, or arbitrary executions, not having died in combat or armed confrontations. Legal concerns: international criminal tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia |
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Term
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Definition
Kibuye in western Rwanda, 500 in catholic church
Kigali (capital)- another site |
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Term
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Definition
Bosnian sites of Cerska, Lazete, Nova Kasava, Pilica
Croatian site of Ovcara (Vukovar)
Similar timeframe; different body conditions |
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Term
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Definition
1. exposure and delineation (remove fill)
2. bag hands, feet, head to minimize loss of evidence
3. care due to entanglements
4. document at all phases |
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Term
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Definition
e.g. plane crash, tsunami
more personale needed, often prosecuted in international court |
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