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Force and Motion/Simple Machines Townline 4th Grade
Force and Motion/Simple Machines Vocabulary
28
Science
4th Grade
10/18/2011

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Term
Energy
Definition
the ability to do work
Term
Work
Definition
Work is done if a force moves an object a distance (object, force applied to object & object must move a distance)
Term
Distance
Definition
a measure of how far an object moves
Term
Force
Definition
A push or pull. I can change the direction or speed of an object.
Term
Load
Definition
the object being moved
Term
Friction
Definition
a force caused by objects rubbing
Term
Gravity
Definition
A force that pulls objects toward the earth.
Term
Lubricant
Definition
A slippery material that reduces friction. A liquid lubricant such as oil helps reduce friction.
Term
Machine
Definition
a tool that makes work easier
Term
A Simple Machine
Definition
a tool with few or no moving parts
Term
Push-pull meter & spring scales
Definition
tools that measure how much force is used to move an object
Term
Trade-off (in science)
Definition
In order to sue less force, the force must be applied over a longer distance
Term
Simple Machines
Definition
Leer, inclined plane, wheel and axle, pulley, wedge, screw
Term
Lever
Definition
A simple machine made of a bar that pots or turns on a fulcrum.
Term
What are the 3 kinds of levers?
Definition
First class: (See-Saw), Second Class: (Wheel Barrow), Third Class: (Shovel)
Term
Wheel & Axle
Definition
Simple machine
Term
Wedge
Definition
Simple machine with inclined planes. A wedge changes the direction of force.
Term
Screw
Definition
Inclined plane wrapped around a center post. Screws work by 1) Changing the direction of the force as you turn the screw and 2) You do less work
Term
Inclined Plane
Definition
A flat surface with one end higher than the other. A ramp is an inclined plane
Term
Arm
Definition
Rigid beam or bar of a lever
Term
Axle
Definition
A shaft inserted in the middle of a wheel
Term
Cylinder
Definition
Round, tube shaped object
Term
Force
Definition
push or pull
Term
Friction
Definition
Resistance to motion that occurs whenever the surfaces of two objects rub against each other
Term
Fulcrum
Definition
The support around a lever arm pivots (the base of a see saw)
Term
Groove
Definition
The narrow area in the outer rim of a pulley wheel where a rope or chain is
Term
Thread
Definition
The inclined plane that is wrapped around and comes out of the shaft of the screw: The spiral ridge of the screw
Term
Wheel
Definition
Any circular object that turns around a center point or axis
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