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Food Sci Exam 4
Lectures 16 and 20
53
Health Care
Undergraduate 4
12/09/2009

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is sacharomyces Cerevisae
Definition
A yeast which is a key organism in most ethanol production around the world
Term
What is the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage?
Definition
Beer - 102 billion liters per year worldwide
Term
3 biological Systems in beer making
Definition
1. yeast(sacharomyces Cereviesae)2. Barley (Hordeum Sativum) 3. Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Term
Brewings 4 Stages
Definition
1. Malting 2. Mashing 3. Fermentation 4. Packaging
Term
2 Stages of Fermentation
Definition
1. Primary, Ethanol is quickly formed. 2. Secondary, the beer matures and improves flavor
Term
Packaging involves..
Definition
filtration and carbonation - then beer put into bottles
Term
Lagers
Definition
Bottom fermenting strains of s. cerviseae. need cool temp, longer maturation period
Term
Ales
Definition
Top Fermenting of S. cervisae, need a warmer temp, short maturation
Term
Dry and Light Beers
Definition
Made from lagers and ales, low lovel of non-fermentable carbs in final product
Term
Difference between dry/light beers and ales/lagers
Definition
They initially contain fewer fermentable substrates
Term
Malting
Definition
The beginning of brewing by addition of water to barley grains.
Term
Hops
Definition
Member of the Cannabinacaeae(marijuana family) non-toxic flavor compounds humulones and essential oils from the hop flower
Term
Hops contributers to the beer
Definition
bitterness, flavor, and aroma to the beer and inhibit pathogenic bacteria.
Term
Primary Fermentation
Definition
Ethanol production stage, where soluble sugars like glucose in the WORT are converted to ethanol by yeast
Term
Secondary Fermentation
Definition
The maturation stage where flavors are developed and off flavors are degraded
Term
Whats the Germination Process?
Definition
Enzymes are released to mobilize nutrient reserves from the endosperm of the seed which feeds the growing embryo
Term
In Malting, what is the mashing process?
Definition
when the released sugars from starch and amino acids from proteins from the endosperm and are then released efficiently
Term
In Malting, what are the fermenting steps?
Definition
soluble sugars like glucose are made available for the yeast in WORT to which yeast strains are add to start fermentation.
Term
How does periodic fasting improve health?
Definition
It is suggested going without food imposes mild stress on cells and cells respond by increasing their ability to cope with more severe stress
Term
What is biotechnology?
Definition
applications of modern principles of genetics and related to biochemical steps to the understanding of cells, tissues, organisms, and the ecosystem
Term
Biotechnology involves
Definition
modification of DNA to bring out qualities for products and services
Term
Genetic Engineering
Definition
the ability to specifically modify DNA
Term
What is "Triple Pressure" that the world is facing?
Definition
Food production, population growth, saturation, environmental degradation
Term
2000 BC
Definition
Egyptians and Sumerians learn about fermentation in baking and brewing but didnt know what caused it
Term
300 BC
Definition
Greeks developed grafting of plants to create clonal orchards
Term
1500 AD
Definition
Fermented Acids as preservative for foods
Term
1861 AD
Definition
Louis Pasteur develops techniques for pasteurization which protects food by killing microbes needed for fermentation
Term
1865 AD
Definition
Austrian Monk, Mendal studied genetic inheritance in peas but did not know about genes
Term
1940 AD
Definition
Oswald isolated the first genetic material known as DNA
Term
1953 AD
Definition
Watson sand Crick discovered that genetic materials made of DNA
Term
1973AD
Definition
Gene Splicing discovered by Boyer and Cohen that led to recombinant DNA Tech, where genes from unrelated species canbe put together as the genetic principles are common and evolved
Term
1982 AD
Definition
Insulin is the first genetically engineered product
Term
1990 AD
Definition
Chymosin for cheese ripening is the 1st genetically engineered product for food applications
Term
1994 AD
Definition
Genetically engineered tomato, which altered for delayed ripening
Term
1998 AD
Definition
Insect and weed tolerant cotton, soy and corn
Term
1999 AD
Definition
Virus resistant squash
Term
2000 AD
Definition
GOlden rice with high beta-carotene, a vitamin A precursor
Term
tequila
Definition
mexico
Term
moonshine
Definition
bourbon
Term
chicha
Definition
peru
Term
Caribbean
Definition
Sugar Cane - Rum
Term
Russia
Definition
Vodka - Starch
Term
Aquarit
Definition
Swedan/Norway
Term
Finland
Definition
Vodka
Term
Kazakistan
Definition
alcoholic cider (fruit and horse milk)
Term
Japan
Definition
Saki
Term
Korea
Definition
Soju
Term
Bulgaria
Definition
Lactic Acid, Kafeir
Term
wine
Definition
Greece
Term
Animal products
Definition
1. growth factor hormone for improving milk production 2. vaccines and antibiotics for animal health
Term
Biotechnology of Microbial Products
Definition
1. yeast based feeds 2. enzymes for food production 3. Salmon color from yeasts 4. biodegradable packaging for foods
Term
Biotechnology of Foods
Definition
1. transgenic plants 2. transgenic animals 3. modify texture, flavor and nutrients 4. detection of pathogens
Term
Biotechnology of Plants
Definition
1. Drought Resistant plants for arid areas 2. Improved nutrition 3. low fat fries 4. cancer preventing biochemicals 5. peanut with less allergenic compound 6. healthy cooking oil options
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