Term
| most cases of infectious diarrhea are caused by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which bacteria causes the most bacterial cases of infectious diarrhea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the top cause for food born illness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Listeria monocytogenes kills 1 out of _ infected. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which bacterial pathogens are mostly spread person to person? |
|
Definition
| shigella & Salmonella typhi |
|
|
Term
| what dies EHEC stand for: |
|
Definition
| EnteroHemmorrhagic E. Coli |
|
|
Term
| What does ETEC stand for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which 2 organisms only take 10-100 organisms for the inoculum size? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 bacteria produce enterotoxin: |
|
Definition
1. Vibrio Cholera
2. ETEC
3. Clostridium perfringes |
|
|
Term
| toxin is assoc w watery diarrhea: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| toxin assoc w inflammatory diarrhea: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 organisms that produce cytotoxin: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organisms that produce neurotoxin: |
|
Definition
| S. aureus & Bacillus cereus |
|
|
Term
| mechanism of action for cholera toxin: |
|
Definition
| toxin subunit B binds to cell, subunit A translocates accross membrane, activates GTP-binding protein, results in persistant activation of adenylyl cyclase |
|
|
Term
| mechanism of action for shiga toxin: |
|
Definition
| cytotoxin: B subunit binds to cell A subunit enters cell and prevents tRNA from binding 60s ribosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neurotoxin from S. aureus |
|
|
Term
| toxin increases peristalsis and causes intense vommitting: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name the process: Binds to M cell, secretes invasion protein > phagocytosed, replicates in phagosome, spreads to adjacent cells/lymph tissue: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 defenses against GI infections: |
|
Definition
1. normal flora
2. gastric acid
3. intestinal motility
4. immunity: Abs and M cells |
|
|
Term
| 5 pathogens assoc w watery diarrhea: |
|
Definition
1. Vibrio
2. ETEC
3. Clostridium perfringes
4. Bacillus cereus
5. S. aureus |
|
|
Term
| 4 organisms that cause bloody diarrhea: |
|
Definition
1. shigella
2. salmonella (not typhi)
3. campy
4. EHEC |
|
|
Term
| organism for enteric fever: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| curved gram neg w single polar flagellum: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (the side boob bug)lives in aquatic environments and attaches to algea or crustacean shells: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. IV fluids
2. Glu/lytes
3. doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| which shigells sp produces shiga toxin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shigella is identified in culture there is a 40-80% chance that it is this species: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does shigella invade mucosal cells? |
|
Definition
| gains entry through M cell, then escapes phagocyte and inveads neighboring mucosal cell |
|
|
Term
| how long after ingestion of shigella do Sx come on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx 12 hrs after shigella ingestion: |
|
Definition
1. Abd pain
2. cramping
3. watery diarrhea
4. fever |
|
|
Term
| on avg, how long does shigella infection last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long does one shed the shigella organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemolytic uremic syndrome; hemolytic anemia, kidney failure, low platelet count |
|
|
Term
| E. coli (travelers diarrhea) |
|
Definition
| ETEC & EAEC(Mexico & N. Africa) |
|
|
Term
| E. coli (shigga like toxin) |
|
Definition
| EIEC; enteroinvasive E. coil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spread to BM, Liver, Spleen within macrophages: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enteric fever begins __-__ days after ingestion: |
|
Definition
| 5-7 days after ingestions of Salmonella typhi & paratyphi |
|
|
Term
| what is the skin manefestation of enteric fever? |
|
Definition
| rose spots (30% of enteric fevers) |
|
|
Term
| which organism may be assoc w hepatosplenomegaly? |
|
Definition
| salmonella of enteric fever |
|
|
Term
| 4 complications of enteric fever: |
|
Definition
1. intestinal perforation
2. abcess
3. endocarditis
4. relapse |
|
|
Term
| degree of dehydration: dry mouth, decreased sweat/urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| degree of dehydration: orthostasis, skin tenting, sunken eyes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| degree of dehydration: hypotension, tachycardia, confusion, shock |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin |
|
|
Term
| Tx for thrombocytopenia in HUS: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vomitting, diarrhea, blurred vision, weakness 12-72hrs after ingestion: |
|
Definition
| Clostridium botulism toxin |
|
|
Term
| 4 organisms that cause illness from toxin ingestion; not ingestion of organism: |
|
Definition
1. Bacillus cereus
2. S. aureus
3. Clostridium perfrenges
4. Clostridium botulism |
|
|
Term
| severe blood diarrhea 5-10d |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| salmonella & campylobacter |
|
|
Term
| diarrhea with blood without fecal WBC: |
|
Definition
|
|
