Term
| When a dairy herd is infected with mastitis, the biggest source of loss is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Days in milk also correlates with? |
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Definition
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Term
| In dairy cattle the term freshened can also mean: |
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Definition
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Term
| Cow that is not milking and waiting to calve: |
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Definition
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Term
| Period From calving to calving |
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Definition
| Lactation (she is a 3rd lactation cow-she has calved 3 times) |
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Term
| The process where muscles surrounding the alveoli contract to move the milk into the ducts and cistern for efficient milk harvest. |
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Definition
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Term
| Time to milking unit attachment is very important in oxytocin release. What is the optimum amount of time? |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important part of the clinical examination of the ruminant |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the importance of urine collection as a part of the routine physical exam in dairy cows? |
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Definition
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Term
| Differentials for a positive ping test on the left abdomen |
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Definition
LDA- left displaced abdomen
Rumen gas cap
Pneumoperitoneum
Physometra |
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Term
| Normal respiration rate for a cow? Calf? |
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Definition
12-36 breaths per min
30-60 |
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Term
| AMDUCA legalizes ________ use, but ONLY for_________ |
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Definition
Extra label drug
Therapeutic purposes |
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Term
| When the half life doubles, withdrawal time _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Weak Organic ______ get trapped in milk. |
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Definition
Bases
So the basic drugs will have a higher milk to plasma ratio |
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Term
| Xylazine can cause stress to unborn calves because it is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Act that encourages companies to seek regulatory approval for minor species and minor uses: |
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Definition
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Term
| Water soluble, minimally metabolized drugs are_______ whereas lipid soluble, highly metabolized drugs are _____. |
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Definition
More predictable
Less predictable |
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Term
| Plaque of differentiated skin in an abnormal location such as the eye? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major sites for ophthalmic disease in food producing animals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis, pink eye, is caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
| This disease of the eyes in Bovines accounts for 12.5% of slaughterhouse condemnations: |
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Definition
| Bovine Ocular Squamous cell carcimoma |
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Term
| An ocular disease caused by herpes virus resulting in keratoconjunctivitis? |
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Definition
| Malignant catarrhal fever |
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Term
| There are two ocular signs associated with IBR conjunctivitis and keratitis. Which is most common and what is a distinction b/t the two? |
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Definition
Most common- conjunctivitis
- Ulcers are NOT common in Keratitis |
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Term
| Uveitis or inflammation of the eye is usually______in neonates and ______in adults. |
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Definition
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Term
| Brown blood in vessels indicates_________, purple vessels indicates_________, and bright red vessels indicates________. |
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Definition
Nitrate poisoning
Cyanotic conditions
Cyanide toxicity |
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Term
| The Teratogenic agent in sheep that causes cyclopia is caused by ingesting _________ on gestational day __. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the bacteria that causes blepharitis in small ruminants characterized by eyelid edema? |
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Definition
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Term
| Top 2 bacteria that cause keratoconjunctivitis (pinkeye) in sheep and goats? |
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Definition
Chlamydophila sp
Mycoplasma sp |
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Term
| For both bovine and small ruminants what is a systemic antibiotic that can be used for treatment of keratoconjunctivitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Retinal degeneration in food animals is usually caused by what 2 things? |
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Definition
Plant Tox- bracken fern, locoweed
Vitamin A deficiency |
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Term
| In feedlot cattle, BRD compromises ___% of morbidity and ___% mortality. |
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Definition
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Term
| The pathology of BRD is primarily a "______________" |
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Definition
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Term
| When infected with Mannheimia, ______impede cellular immune response and ______ are responsible for adverse effects leading to depression and anorexia. |
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Definition
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Term
| A very important characteristic in BRD animals affected with histophilus somni? |
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Definition
| Left ventricular papillary muscle lesion |
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Term
| Say in a trial you get a risk ratio of .93. What does this tell you about the vaccine? |
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Definition
| .93 as likely to have the disease if you are vaccinated verses if they were not vaccinated (not very effective!) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Will MLV BVD vaccines kill persistently infected animals? |
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Definition
| Most vaccines are non cytopathic, so the risk is low |
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Term
| Is BRSV a part of acute interstitial pneumonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzootic pneumonia prevention is all about: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What small ruminant respiratory disease can also cause hard bag syndrome in sheep? |
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Definition
| Ovine progressive pneumonia |
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Term
| A definitive diagnosis of mastitis causing organisms can only be made through ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Staph aureus, Strep agalactiae, and mycoplasma all cause what form of mastitis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| E. coli, non-aureus Staph, and Strep dysgalactiae/uberis all cause what type of mastitis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What mastitis causing organism causes all positive cows in the herd to be culled? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Most common mastitis pathogen in most herds? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the mammary route of mastitis, bacteria canNOT move from quarter to quarter. Where must it enter? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 3 arms of the Epi triad? |
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Definition
Animal
Pathogen
Environment/management |
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Term
| For contagious pathogens infection occurs when? How about for Environmental organisms? |
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Definition
During milking process
Between milkings |
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Term
| Between contagious and environmental mastitis which has more of a chronic infection? Which can management changes reduce new infection rate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Risk of mastitis is directly related to what? |
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Definition
| Teat/udder bacterial load |
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Term
| Pre-dip is for control of _________ mastitis and Post dip is for control of ________ mastitis. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the legal limit for Somatic Cell Count in milk? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How many clinical mastitis cases per month is too many? |
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Definition
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