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| material, oral, customary |
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| coined the term folklore in 1846 |
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| Brought the other two together to found the AFS in 1888 |
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| Anthropology founder of AFS, grandfather of anthropology, known for the idea of cultural relativism |
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| oral tradition founder of AFS; collected ballads brought from England to Appalachia that were thought to have died out completely, established the Child Ballads |
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| the idea that all cultures are equal and that to understand a culture, you must look at it in its own context, not through another culture's worldview |
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| type or category of something, for folklore, the main three are oral, material, and customary |
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| something told orally, face-to-face/virtually, recreated each time it is told, reflects the values of the teller and the audience |
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| subtype of narrative; told within a specific culture or community, chronological, split into myth, legend, and folktale (see chart & Oring article) |
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| smallest unit of plot; for example, a glass slipper |
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| a larger section of plot; for example, girl loses shoe, gets married to prince, lives happily ever after is a Cinderella tale type |
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| equivalent to urban legend; subtype of legend and folk narrative |
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| material version of a tradition; typically someone teaches you how to make it |
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| not formally learned or taught, but informally learned and taught, relating to the traditional culture, typically viewed but not used |
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| tangible items; includes folk art and folk objects, but we personalize it - not always folklore |
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| 6 approaches to study folk objects |
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form & variation
process
changing use/context
tradition bearer
transmission
history |
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| disciplined attempt to discover and describe the symbolic resources of a society - trying to understand an entire community or culture - very broad |
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| the process of gathering information by listening and observing - typically focused on one person or aspect of a group |
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| the manner in which a culture sees and expresses its relation to the world |
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| a group with shared traditions, customs, and beliefs; has face-to-face or virtual interaction |
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| smallest form of folk group; consists of 2 people who communicate with each other in ways different than they communicate with any other person. |
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the way members of a group communicate with/present themselves to nonmembers
the way members communicate with each other |
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insider perspective
outsider perspective |
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self-conscious
self-evident |
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tradition performed to remind self of the cultural origin
tradition not performed for any conscious purpose |
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| Collected German fairytales; the first to do so scientifically and methodically |
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| conservatism and dynamism: some aspects of a tradition will always be the same, some will change with time and circumstance |
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