Term
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Definition
| loss of language ability (includes speech, comprehension, intonation, prosody, reading, and writing) |
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Term
| agnosias typically caused by this |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| loss of speech production. Nonfluent, aggrammatical, literal paraphasias; Damage to brocas area |
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Term
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Definition
loss of speech comprehension
Fluent, impaires comprehension, semantic paraphasias
Damage to wernikes area |
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Term
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Definition
two areas cannot communicate
Speech and comprehension intact
Poor repetition, circumlocutions, and literal paraphasias
Damage to the arcuate fasiculus |
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Term
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Definition
involves both wernickes and brocas
May be mute and unable to produce words
Often resolves into one or the other
Usually results from MCA stroke |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty retrieving names of objects and words |
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Term
| transcortical sensory aphasia |
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Definition
cannot comprehend meaning of words
Intact repetition, but anomia and comprehension deficits
Disconnect between temporal lobe and wernikes |
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Term
| transcortical motor aphasia |
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Definition
cannot initiate speech
Poor intonation of speech, muteness
Deficits in areas surrounding Brocas |
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Term
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Definition
inability to integrate kinesthetic and auditory commands
right/left confusion, finger agnosia. Agraphia, alalculia
damage to supramarginal gyrus |
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Term
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Definition
phonological awareness: ability to break down words into sounds
• best predictor of later reading problems
fluency: how rapidly/effortlessly/seamlessly language is produced
•dyslexia often = disfluent
•BOTH of these together = double deficit
surface dyslexia: recognition of letter combinations as holistic words
•tendency to only sound spell/ sound out reading
•“orthographic deficit”
hypoactive Wernike's/Broca's
•successful interventions can normalize this |
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Term
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Definition
| inability/ difficulty reading |
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Term
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Definition
| inability/ difficulty writing |
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Term
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Definition
right hemi = intonation and prosody (produce vs comprehend)
i. Reading: deficits from angular gyrus is affected |
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Term
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Definition
| non-fluent speech (effortful) production, anomic (can’t remember name for something), agrammatical, literal paraphasias- word substitution with letters/sound (near miss) |
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Term
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Definition
| fluent normal speech, still get intonation, structure, syntax, impaired comprehension, semantic paraphasias- word substitution with meaning (near miss), can use context |
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Term
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Definition
| disruption of arcuate fasciculus. Speech and comprehension largely intact. Repetition very poor (can’t transmit from comprehension to production). Donduit d’approache- stuttering, trying to figure out words repeatedly; circumlocutions; describe function. literal paraphasias- sound substitutions |
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Term
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Definition
| stuttering, trying to figure out words repeatedly; circumlocutions; describe function. literal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| middle cerebral artery stroke. Usually mute, can improve. Global aphasia typically resolves into another aphasia. |
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Term
| transcortical sensory aphasia |
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Definition
intact repetition, but anomia and comprehension deficits from areas around Wernicke’s damaged
i. Ie Carbon monoxide poisoning |
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Term
| 3 core deficits in dyslexia |
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Definition
1.Phonological awareness- ability to break down word into sounds (phonemes), difficult to separate all the sounds and parts (tested with rhyming and sound substitutions- best predictor of later predictors of reading)
2.Fluency: how rapidly and effortlessly language is produced (tested with RAN- rapid automatized naming test)
3.Surface dyslexia- ability to recognize certain letter combinations as words, don’t need to sound it out anymore, ie sight reading
a.Orthographic deficit ie difficulty with irregular pronunciation rules (lots of English words) like yacht, debt, island |
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Term
| interventions for dyslexia |
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Definition
1. Orton- Gullingham
2. Wilson
3. Lindamood-Bell
a. Multisensory intervention techniques
b. Bring to normal range of reading |
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