Term
| Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways |
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Definition
Anabolic: food molecules are digested & absorbed. Use these molecules as building blocks to make larger molecules. Build complex molecules
Catabolic:Energy is contained in the bonds that hold the food molecules together
Transfer food energy to cellular energy
Stage 1: digestion, absorption, transport
Stage 2: breakdown of simple sugars, fatty acids, glycerol, and amino acids releases energy
Stage 3: transfer of energy to a form cells can use called ATP |
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Term
| Location and Products of Glycolysis |
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Definition
Pathway splits glucose into 2 pyruvates
Transfers electrons to NAD producing NADH
Produces some ATP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| End Products of Glucose Breakdown |
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Definition
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Term
| Role of ETC; What does it do? |
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Definition
uses the energy from electrons to translocate protons to intermembrane space.
Protons move from intermembrane space through ATP synthase into matrix driving the synthesis of ATP
Known as chemiosmosis/proton motive force |
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Term
| Location & Purpose of Beta- Oxidation |
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Definition
Two-carbon units removed from an activated fatty acid in a cyclic pathway, produces acetyl CoA
degradative pathway is called β-oxidation bc the β-carbon atom (C-3) of the f.a. is oxidized
Four steps are required for acetyl CoA
1.Oxidation 2.Hydration3.Further oxidation4.Thiolysis |
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Term
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Definition
| acytl choline changes to ketone prod when carb intake too low |
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Term
| Fatty Acids and Energy Production |
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Definition
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Term
| End Products of Amino Acid Breakdown |
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Definition
| Yields to urea, CO2, H20, and ATP |
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Term
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Definition
glycogen is the storage form of glucose,
75% is stored in muscle, 25% in the liver |
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Term
| Fatty Acid Synthesis: How does it start? |
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Definition
| Requires start molecule of acytl CoA, CoA is formed in mitochondria, exported to cytoplasm as citrate, CoA is usedfor prouction of aceytl ACP and malonyl ACP |
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Term
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Definition
| raises blood glucose and stimulates glucogenesis; catabolic |
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Term
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Definition
| promotes glucogenesis; catabolic |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in muscles; catabolic |
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Term
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Definition
| Lowers blood glucose, promotes anabolism and inhibits catabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| brain uses ketones,liver makes but doesn't use, red blood cells can't use |
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