Term
| USPTF grades for screening tests |
|
Definition
| A-D where A is strong evidence to do the screening and D is strong evidence to NOT screen. and I = insufficient evidence |
|
|
Term
| Who gets screened for HTN |
|
Definition
everyone over 18
or younger if many RFs |
|
|
Term
| screening guidelines for HLD |
|
Definition
men 20-35 if they have hi risk for CAD
men >35
women 20-45 with hi risk
women >45 |
|
|
Term
| screening guidelines for AAA |
|
Definition
| men 65-75 who have EVER smoke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not recommended if asymptomatic |
|
|
Term
| how do we screen for colon CA |
|
Definition
everyone over 50
FOBT on 3 bms with guiac cards at home (annually)
OR
flex sig (3-5 yrs)
OR
double contrast barium enema (3-5 yrs)
OR
colonoscopy (10 yrs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| q10 yrs if they had the initial series |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pneumococcus reccomendations |
|
Definition
adults >65
<65 if they DM, chronic kidney/liver/lung/metabolic diseases, immunodeficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ppl at hi risk
health care workers
dialysis pts
ivda
stis
many sex partners
msm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pts with chronic liver disease
pts who use clotting factors
IVDA
traverlers
MSM |
|
|
Term
| who gets varicella vaccine |
|
Definition
| everyone who is NOT already immune |
|
|
Term
| therapy in COPD or asthma exaccerbation |
|
Definition
oxygen
bronchodilators
steroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dx criteria of chronic bronchititis |
|
Definition
| cough and sputum production on most days for at least 3 mo during at least 2 consecutive yrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SOB caused by enlargement of respiratory bronchioloes and alveoli caused by desctruction of lung tissue |
|
|
Term
| pathological changes seen in COPD |
|
Definition
mucus gland hypertrophy
hypersecretions from glands
ciliary dysfunction
destruction of parenchma
airway remodeling |
|
|
Term
| normal COPD mucus appears........ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does cough change in COPD exacerbation |
|
Definition
worsens
more frequent
more wheezing |
|
|
Term
| initial sx of COPD, presenting sx of COPD |
|
Definition
first sx is cough
most common sx to present to clinic is SOB |
|
|
Term
| what does dyspnea tell us about the progression of the COPD |
|
Definition
| once dyspnea is present lung funcion is probably half of normal |
|
|
Term
| changes in auscultation in COPD |
|
Definition
distant breath sounds
expiratory wheeze
prolonged expiratory phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
> .7 normally
< .7 in COPD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
0 = at risk
1 = mild
2 = moderate
3 = severe
4 = very severe |
|
|
Term
| FEV/FVC in diff classes of COPD |
|
Definition
0 = normal
1 = FEV1/FVC <.7
2= FEV1/FVC <.7
3 = FEV1/FVC <.7
4 = FEV1/FVC <.7 |
|
|
Term
| FEV1 in diff classes of COPD |
|
Definition
0 = normal
1 = over 80%
2 = 5-80
3 = 30-50
4 = less than 30 or < 50 with hypoxemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| b2 agonist and anticholinergics (ipratropium) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| b2 agonist and anticholinergics + long actinv bronchodialator (salmetrol or tiotropium) |
|
|
Term
| who gets inhaled steroids in COPD |
|
Definition
| 3 and 4 COPD with frequent exacerbations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only in an excerbation (40mg)10-14days |
|
|
Term
| `who gets o2 therapy in COPD |
|
Definition
| stage 4 if evidence of hypoxemia |
|
|
Term
| who gets abx in COPD exacerbation |
|
Definition
| if they have purulent sputum |
|
|
Term
| effect of smoking cessation on COPD progression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the biggest concern with sudden onset of monoarticular joint pain? why? |
|
Definition
RO infection
irreversible damage can be destroyed in first 24 hrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
30-50 in men
50-70 in women |
|
|
Term
| things that can induce gouty attack |
|
Definition
trauma
surgery
alcohol
large meal |
|
|
Term
| what drug increases risk of gouty attack |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| appearance of aspirate in joint infection and gout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| biferengence of gouty crystals |
|
Definition
| negative gouty biferengence |
|
|
Term
| rod shape, rhomboid crystals |
|
Definition
| Ca pyrophosphate dihydrate |
|
|
Term
| biferengence in Ca pyrophosphate dihydrate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| EM of joint aspiration shows cytoplasmic inclusions that are NOT biferengent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bipyramidal and positive birefringence crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who gets oxalate joint crystals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| white count of jt aspiration in gout vs infection |
|
Definition
gout 2,000-60,000
infection 100,000 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| warm and red may be confused with cellulitis |
|
|
Term
| serum uric acid in acute gouty attack |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cystic changes in joint surface with punched out lesions and soft tissue calcifications in XR of joint |
|
Definition
non specific changes
seen in gout
ostaeoarthritis AND
RA |
|
|
Term
| most commonly infected jts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| polyarticular arthritis acutely ddx |
|
Definition
endocarditis
disseminated gonococcal |
|
|
Term
| who is most at risk for infections of joint |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of joint infections do HIV pts get |
|
Definition
pneumococcal
salmonella
Hib |
|
|
Term
| what joint infections do IVDA get |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what joint issues will have intact ROM |
|
Definition
cellulitis
bursitis
osteomyelitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| RF for osteoarthritis (OA) |
|
Definition
obesity
repetitive joint use
trauma |
|
|
Term
| whats mostly affected in OA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does joint look like in OA |
|
Definition
small effusion possible
periarticular mm atroph
boney crepitus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
normal at first
then bone sclerosis
subchondral cysts
osteophytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. morning stiffness
2. 3+ joints
3. involvement of hand joints
4. symmetric
5. rheumatoid nodules
6. Rh factor +
7. radiographic changes
1-4 for 6+ weeks |
|
|
Term
| radiographic changes in RA |
|
Definition
| erosions or decalcifictions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ESR hi
CRP hi
anemia
thrombocytosis
low albumin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| goal uric acid levels in gout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| maintenance therapy in gout |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nsaids
steroids
DMARDS
anticytokines
topical analgesics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sulfasalazine
methotrexate |
|
|
Term
| anticytokine agents in RA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
if no other major sx and under 50 yo conservative tx
if over 50 do xr then MRI is XR abnormal |
|
|
Term
| what if pt has low back pain with saddle distrib or baddle bowel sx |
|
Definition
urgent MRI or CT
cauda equina is emergency |
|
|
Term
| obestiy increases risk for what joint issue mostly |
|
Definition
| degenerative joint disease |
|
|
