Term
| What is a solutions osmolality? |
|
Definition
| the number of solute particles dissoved in 1 liter of water |
|
|
Term
| How is osmolality usually expresssed? |
|
Definition
| in terms of milliosmoles per liter |
|
|
Term
| When referring to osmolality...how does water move? |
|
Definition
| from a solution of lesser osmolality to a solution of greater osmolality |
|
|
Term
| Decreased osmolality triggers or inhibits thirst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased osmolality triggers or inhibits thirst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the thirst center located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low concentration of solutes, cells absorbs water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high concentration of solutes, cell loses water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body fluids are excessively diluted and cells become swollen by water entry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| released by atrial cells causes systemic vasodialation and inhibits renin, aldosterone and ADH release. this causes increase in NA and water excretion and a lowering in BP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responsible for intracellular fluid volume, by osmosis. membrane potentials, and involved in acid-base balance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aldosterone levels in kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle contraction, blood clotting and cell membrane permeability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calcitonin, parathyroid hormone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| released by thyroid gland in response to ca, moves ca |
|
|
Term
| what promotes activation of dietary vitamin d into hormoe calcitriol in kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most powerful buffering system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what stimulates pulmonary ventilation? |
|
Definition
| an increase in CO2 or hypercapnia |
|
|
Term
| An increased GFR results in |
|
Definition
| increased urine output, dehydration and electrolyte depletion |
|
|
Term
| Juxtaglomerular apparatus |
|
Definition
| intersection of afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole and PCT cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarged smooth muscle cells of mainly afferent arteriole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed by cells from loop of henle/early DCT. monitors and responds to changes in osmolarity |
|
|
Term
| regulation of GFR by myogenic reflex |
|
Definition
| increase in BP stretches afferent arteriole in response to being stretched, afferent arteriole constrict restoring GFR |
|
|
Term
| regulation of GFR by macula densa |
|
Definition
| M.D monitors tubular fluid and signals JG cells to constrict afferent arteriole to decrease GFR |
|
|
Term
| What hormone is secreted in regulation of GFR? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tubular reabsorbtion takes place mostly in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| filtration takes place in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tubular secretion takes place in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amount of reabsorption of water and solutes in collecting tubules depends on __ and ___ levels. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if aldosterone goes up, urine concentration goes |
|
Definition
|
|
