Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Fluid/Electrolyte Balance
Normal values, signs/symptoms
19
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
11/14/2015

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Cards

Term

Normal Value

Sodium (Na+)

Definition
130-145 mEq/L
Term

Normal Value

Potassium (K+)

Definition
3.5-5 mEq/L
Term

Normal Value

Calcium (Ca2+)

Definition
4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Term

Normal Value

Magnesium (Mg2+)

Definition
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hypernatremia (4)

 

Definition
  • Impaired cerebral fx
  • Decrased LOC
  • Thirst (except in very old pts)
  • Seizures
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hyponatremia (4)

Definition
  • Impaired cerebral fx
  • Decreased LOC
  • Nausea
  • Seizures
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Increased ECV (7)

Definition
  • Sudden weight gain
  • Dependent edema
  • Vascular overload
  • Bounding pulse
  • Distended jugular veins when upright
  • Dyspnea
  • Pulmonary edema
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Decreased ECV (11)

Definition
  • Sudden weight loss
  • Tenting (skin turgor)
  • Dry mucous membranes
  • Vascular underload
  • Rapid, thready pulse
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Lightheadedness
  • Jugular vein flattness when supine
  • Oliguria
  • Syncope
  • Shock
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hyperkalemia (3)

Definition
  • Bilateral ascending flaccid muscle weakness
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
  • Cardiac arrest
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hypokalemia (6)

Definition
  • Bilateral ascending flaccid muscle weakness
  • Abdominal distention
  • Constipation
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Polyuria
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hypercalcemia (8)

Definition
  • Decreased neuromuscular excitability
  • Anorexia
  • Nausea
  • Constipation
  • Muscle weakness
  • Decreased reflexes
  • Decreased LOC
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hypocalcemia (9)

Definition
  • Increased neuromuscular excitability
  • + Chvostek & Trousseau signs (face & arm spasm)
  • Muscle cramping
  • Twitching
  • Carpal & pedal spasm
  • Tetany (muscle spasms)
  • Seizure
  • Laryngospasm
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
Term

Clinical Manifestations

 

Hypermagnesemia (10)

Definition
  • Decreased neuromuscular excitability
  • Flushing
  • Diaphoresis
  • Decreased reflexes
  • Hypotension
  • Decreased LOC
  • Muscle weakness
  • Respiratory depression
  • Bradycardia
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
Term
What imbalances have Seizure as a sign?
Definition
Hypernatremia, Hyponatremia, Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia
Term
What imbalances have Nausea as a sign?
Definition
Hyponatremia, Hypercalemia
Term
What imbalances have Orthostatic Hypotension as a sign?
Definition
ECV loss, Hypokalemia
Term
What imbalances have Cardiac Dysrhythmia as a sign?
Definition
Hyperkalemia, Hypokalemia, Hypercalemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypermagnesemia, Hypomagnesemia
Term
What imbalances have Constipation as a sign?
Definition
Hypokalemia, Hypercalcemia
Term
What imbalances have Decreased Reflexes as a sign?
Definition
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia
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