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Fluid,Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances
N/A
46
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
09/04/2009

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Cards

Term
Normal Serum Osmolality
Definition
275 to 295 mOsm/kg
Term
What is a common symptom for both hypervolemia and hypovolemia?
Definition
Tachycardia
Term
1kg (2.2lbs) = ? fluid
Definition
1.0 Liters
Term
Clinical indication of hyperphosphatemia is:
Definition
Tetany
Term
High Osmolarity means:
Definition

High concentration of particles

Low amount of water

 

(Water Deficit)

Term
Low Osmolarity means:
Definition

Low concentration of particles

High amount of water

 

(Water Excess)

Term
Cations:
Definition
  • Potassium (K+)
  • Magnesium (Mg2+)
  • Sodium (Na+)
  • Calcium (Ca2+)

 

Term

Anions

 

Definition
  • Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
  • Chloride (Cl-)
  • Phosphate (PO43-)
Term
What isotonic solution  contains electrolytes similar to the concentration of electrolytes in plasma?
Definition
Lactated Ringer's
Term
Normal range for Potassium
Definition
3.5 to 5.0
Term
Tetany
Definition
Muscle cramping / twitches
Term
Urine Specific Gravity
Definition
Measurement of all chemical particles in the urine
Term
BUN
Definition

(Blood Urea Nitrogen)

 

  • Measurement of Urea Nitrogen in the blood
  • Formed when proteins break down
Term
Creatinine
Definition
  • Measurement of Creatinine
  • Breakdown product of Creatine (a part of muscle)
Term
Hypotonic Solution
Definition

Moves fluid from the vasular system into the cells

 

Hypo = swollen

Term
Hypertonic Solution
Definition

Moves fluid from the cells into the vasular system

 

Hyper = Shrink

Term
Intracellular space
Definition
Fluid within the cell
Term
Extracellular fluid space
Definition
  • Fluid outside of the cells
  • Contains 1/3 of body fluid
Term
Intravascular space
Definition
Within the blood vessels
Term
Transcellular space
Definition
  • Fluid in specialized cavities of the body
    • ie:  cerebral spinal fluid
    • Fluid in GI tract
    • Pleural
    • Synovial
    • Peritoneal fluid
Term
Interstitial Space
Definition
Between the cells
Term
Third Space
Definition

Occurs when fluid accumulates in a portion of the body from which it is not eaily exchanged with the rest of the ECF.  3rd space fluid is trapped and essentially unavailable for functional use.

 

ie:  ascities, edema with burns

Term

Most Common cation and anion

 

Intracellularly

Definition

K+ - Postassium

 

PO43-    Phosphate

Term

Most Common canion and anion

 

Extracellularly

Definition
  • Na+     Sodium
  • Cl-        Chloride
Term
Normal Body pH
Definition
7.35 - 7.45
Term
Normal PaCO2
Definition
35 - 45
Term
Normal HCO3
Definition
22 - 26
Term
Normal PaO2
Definition
80 - 100
Term
Metabolic acidosis values
Definition

Low pH

Low PCO2

Term
Metabolic Alkalosis values
Definition

High pH

High PCO2

Term
Respiratory Acidosis values
Definition

Low pH

High PCO2

Term
Respiratory Alkalosis values
Definition

High pH

Low PCO2

Term
Low albumin = Low ?
Definition
Calcium
Term
Anasarca
Definition
Severe generalized edema
Term
Name Hypotonic solution
Definition
0.45 NS
Term
Hypertonic Solution
Definition
3%, 5%
Term
Daily fluid requirements for children
Definition
  • <= 10kg = 100ml/kg
  • 10-20kg = 1000ml + 50ml/each additional kg
  • > 20kg = 1500ml + 20ml/each additional kg
Term
What do you need to watch for when treating hypernatremia?
Definition
Lowering Na slowly to prevent cerebral edema.
Term
Compensatory mechanism for Metabolic acidosis is:
Definition
increased respirations
Term
Compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis is:
Definition
hypoventalation
Term
Compensatory mechanism for repiratory acidosis:
Definition
kidneys eliminate hydrogen
Term
Compensatory mechanism for respiratory alkalosis
Definition
slow down breathing
Term
Normal Range for BUN
Definition
7-20
Term
Normal Creatinine Level
Definition
0.5 - 1
Term
Normal Hematocrit
Definition

Men 42 - 54

Women 38 - 46

Term
Hypertonic solution does what to sodium level?
Definition
Increases sodium
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