Term
| What are the 3 organs of a plant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the blade collects sunlight for photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the spongy mesophyll? |
|
Definition
| it holds water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
| What area the 2 types of roots? |
|
Definition
| fibrous root and tap root |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the petiole? |
|
Definition
| it attaches the blade to the stem |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the cuticle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the plant grows upward and downward |
|
|
Term
| What is secondary growth? |
|
Definition
| when the plant grows width wise |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of meristematic region? |
|
Definition
| where the cells go through mitosis and start to elongate |
|
|
Term
| What structure absorbs water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the funtion of the stoma? |
|
Definition
| lets carbon dioxide in and oxygen and water out of the plant |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between particle size and water? |
|
Definition
| the bigger the particles, the easier it is for the water to run throught them, but the smaller the particles the more water that the soil will hold |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between particle size and the roots? |
|
Definition
| The more space between the particles (bigger particles have more space than smaller particles) the easier it is for the roots to penetrate the soil, and the closer the particles are together, the harder it is to penetrate the soil |
|
|
Term
| Why is a mixture if clay, sand, and humus better than just any one of them? |
|
Definition
| because the clay allows the soil to retain water, the sand lets some of the water run through to the roots, and the humus provides nutrition for the plant |
|
|
Term
| Why does water go up a plant? |
|
Definition
| It goes up becaues of TACT forces. These forces are Transpiration, adhesion, cohesion, and tension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is the pressure of water inside a plant cell that gives the cell its stiffness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pulling the water up through the xylem of a plant utilizing the energy of evaporation and the tensile strength of water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attractive forces between water molecules and other substances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attractive forces between molecules of the same substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stress placed on an object by a pulling force |
|
|
Term
| What is capillary action? |
|
Definition
| a combination of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension that allows water to climb the walls of small diameter tubes like xylem |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of movement in plants? |
|
Definition
| Thigomonastic movement and Nyctinastic movement |
|
|
Term
| What is thigomastic movement? |
|
Definition
| quick movements becaue of rapid loss in water |
|
|
Term
| What is nyctinastic movement? |
|
Definition
| Gradual response that appears to be in response to the light and dark cycle |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 major minerals that plants need? |
|
Definition
| Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium |
|
|
Term
| What order are the 3 major minerals written in? |
|
Definition
NPK
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium |
|
|
Term
| How do plants and minerals get into plants? |
|
Definition
| through the water that is absorbed by the root hairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical produced in one part of an organism and transported to another part of the organism where it causes a response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| promotes cell growth; prevents fruit from dropping so they all drop at the same time |
|
|
Term
| What does Gibberellin do? |
|
Definition
| Promotes cell elongation and flower and fruit development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Promote cell division and lateral bud growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Promotes fruit ripening and abscission |
|
|
Term
| What does Abscisic acid do? |
|
Definition
| promotes dormancy and stomata closure during water stress; stops all other hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| growth responses in plants as a result of a stimulus |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between negative and positive tropisms? |
|
Definition
| Negative tropisms grow away from the stimulus while Positive tropisms grow towards the stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a plant's response to the length of light |
|
|
Term
| What are some methods of natural asexual reproduction in plants? |
|
Definition
| plantlets, corms, tubers, rhizomes, stolons |
|
|
Term
| What are some man made methods of asexual reproduction? |
|
Definition
| Stem cuttings, layering, tissue culturing, grafting and budding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the elongated portion of the carpal that supports the stigma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in plants the part of the pisitl containing the ovules that mature into the fruit containing the seeds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the structure in a plant ovary that contains the egg cell and will mature into a seed |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of water in a plant? |
|
Definition
| to carry nutrients and minerals to the cells, for turgor pressure to stiffen the plant, and for hydrolysis to break down large mineral particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the male reproductive structure of a flower |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the structure on the flower's stamen in which pollen is produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of a petal? |
|
Definition
| to attract insects, birds, and animals in order that the plant may be pollized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outermost flower structure that encloses the floral parts in the bud and protects the buds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the female reproductive structure that produces seeds in a flower |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the expanded tip of the carpal that receives the pollen |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between a complete flower and an incomplete flower? |
|
Definition
| a complete flower has both a stamen and a carpel while an incomplete flower only has one or the other |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between polination and fertilization? |
|
Definition
| Pollination is when pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma, while fertilization is where pollen makes its way down to the ovule and fertilizes the egg |
|
|
Term
| Describe the process of plant fertilization. |
|
Definition
| Pollen is stuck to the stigma, chemicals in the stigma stimulate the growth of pollen tubes which grow down the style to the ovary. A male gamete travels down the pollen tube to the ovary, the sperm fuses with the egg to form a embryo, and another male nucleus fuses with 2 polar nuclei to form the endosperm of the seed |
|
|
Term
| What does the endosperm do? |
|
Definition
| it provides food for the growing embryo |
|
|
Term
| What 3 factors in the environment are needed for germination? |
|
Definition
| Proper moisture, proper temperature, proper oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mature ovary with seeds located inside that serves as the protector of the seeds; delays sprouting, and aids in seed dispersal |
|
|
