Term
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Definition
| the unit that is often used to report air pressure (atm) |
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Term
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Definition
| Instrument used to measure atmoshperic pressure |
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Term
| What is Dalton's law of partial pressure? |
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Definition
| States that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gaes in the mixture |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of one material through another from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| related to diffusion- it is where gas escapes through a tiny opening |
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Term
| What is elastic collision? |
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Definition
| Elastic collision is a collision between particles in which no kinetic energy is lost |
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Term
| What is Graham's law of effusion? |
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Definition
| States that the rate of effusion for a gas is invertly proportional to the square root of its molar mass |
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Term
| What is the kinetic molecular theory? |
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Definition
| Describes the behavior of matter interms of particles in motion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter |
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Term
| What is a dipole-dipole force? |
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Definition
| Attraction between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules and is stronger than dispersion forces |
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Term
| What is a dispersion force? |
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Definition
| Weak force that results from temporary shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs between molecules containing a hdrogen atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom with at least one lone eletron pair |
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Term
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Definition
| an element thatesists in different forms at the same state |
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Term
| What is an amorphous solid? |
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Definition
| a solid in which the particles aren't arranged in a regular repeating pattern |
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Term
| What is a crystalline solid? |
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Definition
| Solid whose atoms/ions/molecules are arranged in a n orderly geometeric structure |
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Term
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Definition
| compound that lowers the surface tension of water |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount; a measure of the inward pull by particles in the interior |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that has the same symmetry as the whole crystal |
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Term
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Definition
| the measure of the resistance of a iquid to flow that is determined by the type of intermolecular forces in the liquid, the size and shape of the particles, and the temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| the temperature at whi9ch the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external/atmospheric pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which a gas/vapor becomes a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| the process where a substance changes from a gas/vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| when vaporization occurs only at the surface of the liquid |
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Term
| What is a freezing point? |
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Definition
| the temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid |
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Term
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Definition
| the temperature at which the forces holding its crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| a graph of pressure vs. temperature that shows in which phase a substance exists under different condisions of temperature and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| the point at which 3 phases of a substance can coexist |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of vaporization? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid |
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Term
| What is a critical point? |
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Definition
| the point that indicates the critical pressure and temperature which a substance can't exist as a liquid |
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Term
| What are the basic assumptions proposed by the kinetic molecular theory? |
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Definition
1. Gases consist of small particles that are separated from one another by empty space
2. Gas particles are in constant motion and collisions between particles are elastic
3. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter |
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Term
| What is the kinetic equation? |
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Definition
| KE=(1/2)mv2 this says the kineteic energy equals one half times mass times velocity squared |
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Term
| What is Graham's law formula? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument used to measure gas pressure in a closed conatiner |
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Term
| What is pressure measured in when using a barometer?? |
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Definition
| mmHg (millimeter of mercury) |
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Term
| what is the measurement of pressure named after the inventor of the barometer? |
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Definition
| Torre (this is the same as mmHg) |
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Term
| What is the unit of pressure that is abbreviated Pa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the measurement of the average pressure of air at sea level (standard pressure) called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is temperature directly proportional with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the type of force that holds particles together in ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the force that holds together identical particles/ 2 different types of particles together? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shape of the molecule dependent on? |
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Definition
| the type of molecular force the molecule has |
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Term
| The thicker the liquid, the higher the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a molecular solid? |
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Definition
| a crystalline solid in which the molecules are held together by intermolecular forces |
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Term
| What is a covalent network solid? |
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Definition
| a crystalline solid that is able to form multiple covalent bonds between molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| a crystalline solid that is able to form ionic bonds with all other surounding ions |
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Term
| What is a metallic solic? |
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Definition
| a crystalline solid in which a positive metal ion is surrounded by a sea of mobile electrons |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of fluids? |
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Definition
| gases and liquids because they both flow |
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Term
| What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion? |
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Definition
| Cohesion describes the force of attraction between identical molecules and adhesion describes the force of attraction between different molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| when a solid becomes a liquid because the forces holding the crystal lattice together are broken |
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Term
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Definition
| a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| when molecules lose kinetic energy and go from a liquid to a solid |
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