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48
English
11th Grade
08/22/2013

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Term
Editorial
Definition

An editorialleading article (UK), or leader (UK) is an opinion piece written by the senior editorial staff or publisher of a newspaper ormagazine or any other written document. Editorials may be supposed to reflect the opinion of the periodical.[citation needed] In Australian and major United States newspapers, such as the New York Times[1] and the Boston Globe,[2] editorials are often classified under the heading "opinion".[citation needed]

Editorials may also be in the form of editorial cartoons.[3

Term
Elegy
Definition

In literature, an elegy (from the Greek word for "lament") is a mournful, melancholic or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead.

Term
Emontional appeal
Definition

Appeal to emotion or argumentum ad passiones is a logical fallacy which uses the manipulation of the recipient's emotions, rather than valid logic, to win an argument. The appeal to emotion fallacy uses emotions as the basis of an argument's position without factual evidence that logically supports the major ideas endorsed by the elicitor of the argument. Also, this kind of thinking may be evident in one who lets emotions and/or other subjective considerations influence one's reasoning process. This kind of appeal to emotion is a type of red herring and encompasses several logical fallacies, including:

  • Appeal to consequences
Term
Epic
Definition

Epic (stylized as epic) is a 2013 American 3D computer animated fantasy-adventurecomedy-drama film loosely based on William Joyce's children's book The Leaf Men and the Brave Good Bugs.[6] It was produced by Blue Sky Studios, and directed by Chris Wedge, the director of Ice Age (2002) and Robots (2005). It stars the voices of Amanda SeyfriedJosh HutchersonColin FarrellChristoph WaltzAziz AnsariChris O'Dowd,PitbullJason Sudeikis, with Steven Tyler and Beyoncé Knowles. The film was released on May 24, 2013.

Term
Epilogue
Definition

An epilogue or epilog is a piece of writing at the end of a work of literature, usually used to bring closure to the work.[citation needed] It is presented from the perspective of within the story; when the author steps in and speaks indirectly to the reader, that is more properly considered an afterword. The opposite is a prologue - a piece of writing at the beginning of a work of literature or drama, usually used to open the story and capture interest.

Term
Epiphany
Definition

epiphany (from the ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια, epiphaneia, "manifestation, striking appearance") is an experience of sudden and striking realization. Generally the term is used to describe scientific breakthrough, religious or philosophical discoveries, but it can apply in any situation in which an enlightening realization allows a problem or situation to be understood from a new and deeper perspective. Epiphanies are studied by psychologists[1][2]and other scholars, particularly those attempting to study the process of innovation.[3][4][5]

Term
Epigram
Definition

An epigram is a brief, interesting, memorable, and sometimes surprising or satirical statement. Derived from the Greekἐπίγραμμα epigramma "inscription" from ἐπιγράφεινepigraphein "to write on – inscribe", this literary device has been employed for over two millennia.[1]

Term
Eitaph
Definition

An epitaph (from Greek ἐπιτάφιος epitaphios "a funeral oration" from ἐπί epi "at, over" and τάφος taphos "tomb")[1][2] is a short text honoring a deceased person, strictly speaking that is inscribed on their tombstone or plaque, but also used figuratively. Some are specified by the dead person beforehand, others chosen by those responsible for the burial. An epitaph may be in poem verse; poets have been known to compose their own epitaphs prior to their death, as William Shakespeare did.[3]

Term
Euphemism
Definition

euphemism is a generally innocuous word or expression used in place of one that may be found offensive or suggest something unpleasant.[1] Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive, and often misleading terms for things the user wishes to dissimulate or downplay. Euphemisms are used for dissimulation, to refer to taboo topics (such as disability, sex, excretion, and death) in a polite way, and to mask profanity. The opposite of euphemism roughly equates to dysphemism.

Term
Euphony
Definition

Phonaesthetics (from the Greekφωνήphōnē, "voice-sound"; and αἰσθητικήaisthētikē, "aesthetics") is the study of the inherent pleasantness (euphony) or unpleasantness (cacophony) of the sound of certain words, phrases, and sentences.[examples needed]Poetry is considered euphonic, as is well-crafted literary prose. Important phonaesthetic devices of poetry are rhymeassonance andalliteration. Closely related to euphony and cacophony is the concept of consonance and dissonance. The term was introduced by J. R. Firth in 1930 "The phonæsthetic habits [...] are of general importance in speech." Firth defined a phonaestheme as "a phoneme or cluster of phonemes shared by a group of words which also have in common some element of meaning or function, though the words may be etymologically unrelated."

Term
Expert testimony
Definition

An expert witnessprofessional witness or judicial expert is a witness, who by virtue ofeducationtrainingskill, or experience, is believed to have expertise and specialisedknowledge in a particular subject beyond that of the average person, sufficient that others may officially and legally rely upon the witness's specialized (scientific, technical or other) opinion about an evidence or fact issue within the scope of his expertise, referred to as the expert opinion, as an assistance to the fact-finder.[1] Expert witnesses may also deliverexpert evidence about facts from the domain of their expertise.[2] At times, their testimony may be rebutted with a learned treatise, sometimes to the detriment of their reputations.

Term
Exposition
Definition

The exposition is the portion of a story that introduces important background information to the audience; for example, information about the setting, events occurring before the main plot, characters' back stories, etc.[1] Exposition can be conveyed through dialogues, through a character's thoughts, through background details, through in-universe media such as newspaper clippings, trial reports and letters, or through a narrator telling a back-story or by establishing scenes where a character is followed. Exposition is considered one of four rhetorical modes of discourse, along with argumentationdescription, and narration.[2]

Term
Expository essay
Definition

The expository essay is a genre of essay that requires the student to investigate an idea, evaluate evidence, expound on the idea, and set forth an argument concerning that idea in a clear and concise manner. This can be accomplished through comparison and contrast, definition, example, the analysis of cause and effect, etc.

Please note: This genre is commonly assigned as a tool for classroom evaluation and is often found in various exam formats.

The structure of the expository essay is held together by the following.

Term
Extended metaphor
Definition

An extended metaphor, also known as a conceit or sustained metaphor, is when an author exploits a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked vehicles, tenors, and grounds.[1][2][3] Tenor is the subject of the metaphor, vehicle is the image or subject that carries the weight of the comparison, and ground is the shared proprieties of the two compared subjects.[4][5] Another way to think of extended metaphors is in terms of implications of a base metaphor.[6] These implications are repeatedly emphasized, discovered, rediscovered, and progressed in new ways.[6]

Term
External conflict
Definition
I don't know
Term
Fable
Definition

Fable is a literary genre. A fable is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which are anthropomorphized (given human qualities such as verbal communication), and that illustrates or leads to an interpretation of a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be added explicitly in a pithy maxim.

A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech and other powers of humankind.

Term
Falling action
Definition

falling action

noun
the part of a literary plot that occurs after the climax has beenreached and the conflict has been resolved
Term
Fantasy
Definition
Fantasy is a genre of fiction that commonly uses magic and other supernatural phenomena as a primary plot element, theme, or setting. Many works within the genre take place inimaginary worlds where magic and magical creatures are common. Fantasy is generally distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three, all of which are subgenres of speculative fiction.
Term
Farce
Definition

In theatre, a farce is a comedy that aims at entertaining the audience through situations that are highly exaggerated, extravagant, and thus improbable.[1] Farces are often highly incomprehensible plot-wise (due to the large number of plot twists and random events that often occur), but viewers are encouraged not to try to follow the plot in order to avoid becoming confused and overwhelmed. Farce is also characterized by physical humor, the use of deliberate absurdity or nonsense, and broadly stylized performances. Farces have been written for the stage and film. Furthermore, a farce is also often set in one particular location, where all events occur.

Term
Figurative language
Definition

Literal and figurative language is a distinction within some fields oflanguage analysis. Literal language refers to words that do not deviate from their defined meaning. Non-literal or figurative language refers to words, and groups of words, that exaggerate or alter the usual meanings of the component words.

 
Term
First person point of view
Definition

First person point of view is a point of view in which an "I" or "we" serves as the narrator of a piece of fiction. The narrator may be a minor character, observing the action, as the character Nick does in The Great Gatsby, or the main protagonist of the story, such as Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye. In addition, a first-person narrator may be reliable or unreliable.

Term
Flashback
Definition

Flashback or flashbacks may refer to:

  • Flashback (narrative), in literature and dramatic media, an interjected scene that takes the narrative back in time from the current point
    • Flashback episode, an episode of a television series that consists primarily of excerpts from previous episodes
  • Flashback (psychology), in which a memory is suddenly and unexpectedly revisitedFlashback (welding), a dangerous hazard of using an oxyacetylene torch
    • Acid flashback, a reported psychological phenomenon in which an individual experiences an episode of some of LSD's subjective effects long after the drug has worn off
  • Flashback arrestor, a device most commonly used in oxy-fuel welding and cutting to stop the flame from burning back up into the equipment
  • Flashback Weekend, a horror/science fiction convention held annually in Rosemont, Illinois, USA
Term
Flat character
Definition

flat character

noun
an easily recognized character type in fiction who may not be fullydelineated but is useful in carrying out some narrative purpose of theauthor.
Term
Foil
Definition
In fiction, a foil is a character who contrasts with another character (usually the protagonist) in order to highlight particular qualities of the other character.[2][3][4] A foil usually either differs drastically or is extremely similar but with a key difference setting them apart. The concept of a foil is also more widely applied to any comparison that is made to contrast a difference between two things.[5] Thomas F. Gieryn places these uses of literary foils into three categories which Tamara Antoine and Pauline Metze explain as: those that emphasize the heightened contrast (this is different because ...), those that operate by exclusion (this is not X because...), and those that assign blame ("due to the slow decision-making procedures of government...").[6]
Term
Foreshadowing
Definition

Foreshadowing or adumbrating is a literary device in which an author hints certain plotdevelopments that perhaps will come to be later in the story.[1] It is used to arouse the reader, viewer or listener about how the story will proceed and mentally prepare them for how it will unfold.[2][3]

 
Term
Formal essary
Definition
A formal essay is defined as an extended composition written in response to an assigned topic or written to prove or support a claim about a specific topic. Traditionally, a formal essay is comprised of five paragraphs: an introduction, three body paragraphs and a conclusion. A formal essay that is an in-depth analysis of a topic may have more body paragraphs. The task is not as daunting as if first seems if the writer breaks it down into manageable steps.
Term
Form
Definition
Form is the shape, visual appearance, constitution or configuration of an object. In a wider sense, the form is the way something is or happens, the answer to "how?". When then considering the idea of global form, the sense of form reaches the one of Gestalt, as inGestalt psychology.
Term
Formal language
Definition

In mathematics, computer science, and linguistics, a formal language is a set of strings of symbols that may be constrained by rules that are specific to it.

The alphabet of a formal language is the set of symbols, letters, or tokens from which the strings of the language may be formed; frequently it is required to be finite. The strings formed from this alphabet are called words, and the words that belong to a particular formal language are sometimes called well-formed words or well-formed formulas. A formal language is often defined by means of aformal grammar such as a regular grammar or context-free grammar, also called its formation rule.

Term
frame story
Definition

frame story (also frame taleframe narrative, etc.) is a literary technique that sometimes serves as a companion piece to a story within a story, whereby an introductory or main narrative is presented, at least in part, for the purpose of setting the stage either for a more emphasized second narrative or for a set of shorter stories. The frame story leads readers from a first story into another, smaller one (or several ones) within it.


Term
Free verse
Definition
Free verse is an open form (see Poetry analysis) of poetry. It does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.[1]
Term
form
Definition
Form is the shape, visual appearance, constitution or configuration of an object.
Term
formal essay
Definition
A formal essay has an opening paragraph that tells the reader what you're going to tell him.
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
Foreshadowing is a literary device in which an author hints certain plot developments that perhaps will come to be later in the story.
Term
free verse
Definition
Free verse is an open form of poetry. It does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.[1]
Term
frame story
Definition
A frame story is a literary technique that sometimes serves as a companion piece to a story within a story, whereby an introductory or main narrative is presented, at least in part, for the purpose of setting the stage either for a more emphasized second narrative or for a set of shorter stories.
Term
formal language
Definition
The field of formal language theory studies primarily the purely syntactical aspects of such languages—that is, t
Term
form
Definition
Form is the shape, visual appearance, constitution or configuration of an object.
Term
formal essay
Definition
A formal essay has an opening paragraph that tells the reader what you're going to tell him.
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
Foreshadowing is a literary device in which an author hints certain plot developments that perhaps will come to be later in the story.
Term
free verse
Definition
Free verse is an open form of poetry. It does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.[1]
Term
frame story
Definition
A frame story is a literary technique that sometimes serves as a companion piece to a story within a story, whereby an introductory or main narrative is presented, at least in part, for the purpose of setting the stage either for a more emphasized second narrative or for a set of shorter stories.
Term
formal language
Definition
The field of formal language theory studies primarily the purely syntactical aspects of such languages—that is, t
Term
form
Definition
Form is the shape, visual appearance, constitution or configuration of an object.
Term
formal essay
Definition
A formal essay has an opening paragraph that tells the reader what you're going to tell him.
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
Foreshadowing is a literary device in which an author hints certain plot developments that perhaps will come to be later in the story.
Term
free verse
Definition
Free verse is an open form of poetry. It does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.[1]
Term
frame story
Definition
A frame story is a literary technique that sometimes serves as a companion piece to a story within a story, whereby an introductory or main narrative is presented, at least in part, for the purpose of setting the stage either for a more emphasized second narrative or for a set of shorter stories.
Term
formal language
Definition
The field of formal language theory studies primarily the purely syntactical aspects of such languages—that is, t
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