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flashcard G-J
19
English
11th Grade
08/26/2013

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Term
genre
Definition
Genre (/ˈʒɒnrə/ or /ˈɒnrə/; from French, genre French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ʁ], "kind" or "sort", from Latin: genus (stem gener-), Greek: genos, γένος) is the term for any category of literature or other forms of art or entertainment, e.g. music, whether written or spoken, audial or visual, based on some set of stylistic criteria. Genres are formed by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented and the use of old ones are discontinued. Often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions. Genre theory is a branch of critical theory.
Term
graphic text
Definition
he page "Graphic text" does not exist. You can ask for it to be created, but consider checking the search results below to see whether the topic is already covered.
Term
hero
Definition

hero (heroine for a female) (Ancient Greek: ἥρως, hḗrōs), in Greek mythology andfolklore, was originally a demigod, their cult being one of the most distinctive features ofancient Greek religion.[1] A demigod is the son or daughter from one immortal and one mortal parent, an example would be Heracles, son of the mortal queen Alcmene and the god Zeus.[2] Later, hero (male) and heroine (female) came to refer to characters who, in the face of danger and adversity or from a position of weakness, display courage and the will for self sacrifice—that is, heroism—for some greater good of all humanity. This definition originally referred to martial courage or excellence but extended to more general moral excellence.

 
Term
historical reference
Definition
Term
hyperbole
Definition

Hyperbole (/hˈpɜrbəl/ hy-pur-bə-lee;[1] Greek: ὑπερβολή hyperbolē, "exaggeration") is the use of exaggeration as a rhetorical deviceor figure of speech. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is not meant to be taken literally.[2]

Hyperboles are exaggerations to create emphasis or effect. As a literary device, hyperbole is often used in poetry, and is frequently encountered in casual speech. An example of hyperbole is: "The bag weighed a ton."[3] Hyperbole makes the point that the bag was very heavy, though it probably does not weigh a ton.

Term
iambic pentameter
Definition
ambic pentameter (from Greek: ἰαμβικός πεντάμετροςiambikos pentametros, meaning to have five iambs) is a commonly usedmetrical line in traditional verse and verse drama. The term describes the particular rhythm that the words establish in that line. That rhythm is measured in small groups of syllables; these small groups of syllables are called "feet". The word "iambic" describes the type of foot that is used (in English, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable). The word "pentameter" indicates that a line has five of these "feet."
Term
idiom
Definition
An idiom (Latin: idioma, "special property", f. Greek: ἰδίωμα – idiōma, "special feature, special phrasing", f. Greek: ἴδιος – idios, "one’s own") is a combination of words that has a figurative meaning, due to its common usage. An idiom's figurative meaning is separate from the literal meaning or definitionof the words of which it is made.[1] Idioms are numerous and they occur frequently in all languages. There are estimated to be at least 25,000 idiomatic expressions in the English language.[2]
Term
image
Definition
An image (from Latin: imago) is an artifact that depicts or records visual perception, for example a two-dimensional picture, that has a similar appearance to some subject – usually a physical object or a person, thus providing a depiction of it.
Term
imagery
Definition
Imagery, in a literary text, is an author's use of vivid and descriptive language to add depth to their work. It appeals to human senses to deepen the reader's understanding of the work.
Term
indeterminate ending
Definition

This page has been deleted. The deletion and move log for the page are provided below for reference.

  • 14:26, 15 July 2005 Manning Bartlett (talk | contribs) deleted page Indeterminate ending (content is nonsense. Page title possibly valid.)
  • 23:21, 6 February 2005 Rdsmith4 (talk | contribs) deleted page Indeterminate ending (content was: 'hi hi hih ihhihih hihgdgfhfhsfd gfsdg ds dfgsd dfasf')
Term
indirect presentation
Definition
author shows us the character in action; the reader infers what a character is like from what she/he thinks, or says, or does. These are also called dramatized characters and they are generally consistent (in behavior), motivated (convincing), and plausible (lifelike)."
Term
informal essay
Definition
The informal essay is written mainly for enjoyment. This is not to say that it cannot be informative or persuasive; however, it is less a formal statement than a relaxed expression of opinion, observation, humour or pleasure. A good informal essay has a relaxed style but retains a strong structure, though that structure may be less rigid than in a formal paper
Term
informal language
Definition
The informal essay is written mainly for enjoyment. This is not to say that it cannot be informative or persuasive; however, it is less a formal statement than a relaxed expression of opinion, observation, humour or pleasure. A good informal essay has a relaxed style but retains a strong structure, though that structure may be less rigid than in a formal paper
Term
interior monologue
Definition

is a narrative device used in literature "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Another phrase for it is 'interior monologue'. "[1] The term "Stream of Consciousness" was coined by philosopher andpsychologist William James in The Principles of Psychology (1890):

  • consciousness, then, does not appear to itself as chopped up in bits ... it is nothing joined; it flows. A 'river' or a 'stream' are the metaphors by which it is most naturally described. In talking of it hereafter, lets call it the stream of thought, consciousness, or subjective life.[2]
Term
internal conflict
Definition

In literature, internal conflict is the struggle occurring within a character's mind. As opposed to external conflict, in which a character is grappling some force outside of him or herself, the dilemma posed by an internal conflict is usually some ethical or emotional question. Indicators of internal conflict would be a character's hesitation or self-posing questions like "what was it I did wrong?".[1]

Most novels incorporate some degree of internal conflict in one character or another, but certain works like The Red Badge of Couragefeature it prominently in the story.[2] The protagonist in that story is constantly questioning his own self-worth and the borders of morality.

Term
internal rhyme
Definition

In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme that occurs within a single line of verse.[1]

Examples[edit source | editbeta]

Internal rhyme schemes were extremely common in popular song of the Swing Era. One familiar example is the bridge from "Don't Fence Me In," written by Cole Porter for the film "Hollywood Canteen" in 1944:

Just turn me loose let me straddle my old saddle,
Underneath the western skies,
On my cayuse let me wander over yonder,
'Til I see the mountains rise.

Internal rhyme is used extensively in rap/hip hop music. The usage of internal rhyme in rap has increased over time, but can be found even in the earliest rap songs, such as the Sugarhill Gang's 1979 single, Rapper's Delight:[2]

I'm six-foot-one and I'm tons of fun and I dress to a T
You see, I got more clothes than Muhammad Ali and I dress so viciously
I got body guards, I got two big cars, I definitely ain't the whack
I got a Lincoln Continental and a sun-roofed Cadillac
So after school, I take a dip in the pool, which is really on the wall
I got a color TV, so I can see the Knicks play basketball

Internal rhyme is used frequently by many different hip hop artists, including Kool Moe Dee, Big Daddy Kane, and Rakim, as demonstrated in Eric B. and Rakim's 1987 piece, "My Melody" from their debut album Paid In Full:

My unusual style will confuse you a while
If I were water, I'd flow in the Nile
So many rhymes you won't have time to go for yours
Just because of applause I have to pause
Right after tonight is when I prepare
To catch another sucker-duck MC out there
My strategy has to be tragedy, catastrophe
And after this you'll call me your majesty...[3][4]

Another prominent hip hop artist who uses internal rhymes is AZ, as shown in "The Format":

Young and gifted, my tongue's prolific
2 In the beach bungalow is how I brung in Christmas
3 To the streets imma flow from the hungriest districts
Swiss kicks crisp when I come to them picnics
Play slow, paper chase stack and lay low
Range rove tinted all black the same old
Psychic mindrighteous rhymes that turned a new leaf from a life of crime
8 No concerns with new beef, who's as nice as I'm
9 It's confirmed, from few feet I'm still a sniper blind
10 Built my famespilt my pain
11 Politicking daily, still trying to milk the game
12 It's obvious that I'm real, rap skills remain
13 I took some change and I'm still the same

It is important to note the complexity of the internal rhyme patterns as the verse progresses. Starting with simple compounds, line-for-line: "Young and Gifted", "tongue's prolific"; the artist blends in another AB multi: "beach bungalow", "streets imma flow" while capping the line with the original AB pattern: "hungriest districts".

Term
irony
Definition

Irony (from the Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία eirōneía, meaning dissimulation or feigned ignorance),[1] in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event characterized by an incongruity, or contrast, between reality (what is) and appearance (what seems to be). The term may be further defined into several categories, among which are: verbaldramatic, and situational.

Verbal, dramatic, and situational irony are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. The ironic form of simile, used in sarcasm, and some forms of litotes can emphasize one's meaning by the deliberate use of language which states the opposite of the truth, denies the contrary of the truth, or drastically and obviously understates a factual connection.[2]

Other forms, as identified by Thirlwall, include dialectic and practical irony.[3

Term
jargon
Definition

Jargon is "the technical terminology or characteristic idiom of a special activity occupational or social group."[1] The philosopherCondillac observed in 1782 that "every science requires a special language because every science has its own ideas." As a rationalist member of the Enlightenment he continued, "It seems that one ought to begin by composing this language, but people begin by speaking and writing, and the language remains to be composed."[2] In earlier times, the term jargon would refer to trade languages used by people who spoke different native tongues to communicate, such as the Chinook Jargon.

In other words, the term covers the language used by people who work in a particular area or who have a common interest. Much likeslang,[3] it can develop as a kind of shorthand, to express ideas that are frequently discussed between members of a group, though it can also be developed deliberately using chosen terms. A standard term may be given a more precise or unique usage among practitioners of a field. In many cases this causes a barrier to communication with those not familiar with the language of the field. For example, bit, byte, and hexadecimal are jargon terms related to computing.[3]

Term
juxtaposition
Definition

Juxtaposition is the act or placement of two things (usually abstract concepts) near each other.

Juxtaposition may also refer to:

  • Juxtaposition Magazine, a student run Global Health magazine at the University of Toronto
  • a procedure of contrast (music)
  • Juxtaposition: Barons of Ceti V, a 1985 Wintersoft video game
  • Juxtaposition in mathematics, adjacency of factors with the absence of an explicit operator in an expression, especially formultiplication.

See also[edit source | editbeta]

  • Juxtaposition Arts, a youth oriented visual art center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
  • Juxtapose (disambiguation)
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