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Flash Cards
29
Biology
Pre-School
01/26/2009

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Term
Metabolism
Definition
Chemical reactions that occur within an organism.
Term
Metabolic Pathway
Definition
The series of steps metabolism goes through.
Term
Catabolic pathway
Definition
These pathways break down molecules and release energy.
Term
Anabolic pathway
Definition
These pathways build up molecules and consukme energy.
Term
Energy
Definition
The capacity to cause change.
Term
Kinetic energy
Definition
The energy associated with motion that is released in a chemical reaction.
Term
Potential energy
Definition
The energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure.
Term
Heat
Definition
The kinetic energy associated with random movements.
Term
Thermodynamics
Definition
The study of transformations.
Term
Closed System
Definition
Isolated from surroundings.
Term
Open System
Definition
Energy is transferred between system and surroundings.
Term
First Law of Thermodynamics
Definition
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Term
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Definition
Energy transfer increases entropy in the universe.
Term
Entropy
Definition
Disorder
Term
Free Energy
Definition
Energy that is free.
Term
Exergonic
Definition
Releases free energy.
Term
Endergonic
Definition
Absorbs free energy.
Term
ATP
Definition
Adenosine triphosphate.
Term
Energy Coupling
Definition
A key feature in the way cells manage their energy resources to do this work.
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A catalytic protein.
Term
Catalyst
Definition
A chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
Term
Activation Energy
Definition
The initial amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Term
Substrate
Definition
The reactant an enzyme acts on.
Term
Active Site
Definition
The region on the enzyme where the substrate binds.
Term
Induced Fit
Definition
The way a substrate fits into the active site.
Term
Cofactors
Definition
Non-protein enzyme helpers.
Term
Enzyme Inhibitors
Definition
Do not allow the substrates to fit into the active site.
Term
Allosteric Regulation
Definition
Any case in which a protein's function at one site is affected by binding of a regulatory molecule at another site.
Term
Feedback Inhibition
Definition
The end product of a metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway by binding to the enzyme that acts in the pathway.
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