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Flash cards
med term
165
Medical
Undergraduate 1
02/03/2026
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Cards

Term
Endo- within / inside
 Definition
oxy- rapid/sharp/swift
Term
pro- before/ in front of
 Definition
poly- many / multiple 
Term
ex- out/ outside of
 Definition
a- absence of
Term
Dys- painful / difficult
 Definition
Epi- above
Term
Hyper- above/excessive 
 Definition
hypo- below/ low
Term
Oligo- small amount
 Definition
Par- near
Term
Peri- surrounding
 Definition
Trans- through/across/beyond
Term
Syn- joined together
 Definition
Pan- all/total
Term
Para- around/side/beyond
 Definition
Eu- good/ normal
Term
Tetr- four
 Definition
Tri- three
Term
Cyt- cell
 Definition
Mal- bad/abnormal
Term
Neo- new
 Definition
Lyso- breakdown/destruction 
Term

-crine 

secrete/release 

 Definition

-ic

pertaining to
Term

-tocin

birth/labor

 Definition

-megaly

enlargment
Term

-oma

tumor

 Definition

-Dipsia

thirst
Term

-ism

state of/condition

 Definition

-drome

run
Term

-ectomy

surgical removal 

 Definition

-emia

in the blood 
Term

-ia

 

condition of, abnormal state

 Definition

-ism

state of
Term

-logist

specialist who studies and treats 

 Definition

-Logy

study of
Term

-itis

 

inflammation

 Definition

-megaly

 

enlarged
Term

-itis

 

inflammation

 Definition

-megaly

 

enlarged
Term

-plasia

condition of 

 Definition

-tomy

cut into
Term

-oid

 

resembling 

 Definition

—algia

 

pain/suffering
Term

-ar

 

pertaining to 

 Definition

-cision

 

process of cutting
Term

-genesis

 

development

 Definition

—gram

 

record
Term

-Graphy

process of recording 

 Definition

-lysis

 

loosening of 
Term

-Pexy 

 

surgical fixation

 Definition
andr/o: Male
Term
arche/o: First, beginning
 Definition
balan/o: Glans penis
Term
cervic/o: Cervix
 Definition
colp/o: Vagina
Term
crypt/o: Hidden
 Definition
endometri/o: Endometrium
Term
epididym/o: Epididymis
 Definition
episi/o: Vulva
Term
gonad/o: Gonad
 Definition
gyn/o, gynec/o: Woman
Term
hemat/o: Blood
 Definition
hymen/o: Hymen
Term
hyster/o: Uterus
 Definition
hemat/o: Blood
Term
hymen/o: Hymen
 Definition
leuk/o: White 
Term
mamm/o, mast/o : Breast
 Definition
men/o: Menstruation
Term
metr/i: Uterus
 Definition
oophor/o: Ovary
Term
metr/i: Uterus
 Definition
oophor/o: Ovary
Term
Adren/o- gland
 Definition

Gonad/o

gonads (sex glands)
Term
Testic/o- testis/testicle 
 Definition

Ovari/o

ovaries 
Term

Pancreat/o

pancreas 

 Definition

Parathyroid/o

parathyroid gland 
Term
Pineal/o pineal gland 
 Definition

Pituit/o 

pituitary gland
Term

Thym/o

thymus gland 

 Definition

Thyr/o thyroid/o

thyroid gland 
Term

Acr/o

extremities 

 Definition

Crin/o

secrete or separate 
Term

Glyc/o 

sugar

 Definition

Somat/o

body
Term

Trop/o

grow/change

 Definition

Lact/o

milk
Term

Gen/o

production/forming 

 Definition

Ophthalm/o

eye
Term
Hypophys/o pituitary gland 
 Definition
pelv/i: Pelvis, pelvic bones, pelvic cavity
Term
pen/I, phall/o: Penis
 Definition
perine/o: Perineum
Term
posth/o, preputi/o: Prepuce, foreskin
 Definition
prostat/o: Prostate gland
Term
salping/o: Uterine tube, fallopian tube
 Definition
scrot/o: Scrotum
Term
son/o: Sound waves
 Definition
sperm/o, spermat/o: Sperm, spermatozoon
Term
test/o, testicular/o: Testis, testicle
 Definition
trachel/o: Cervix
Term
urethr/o: Urethra
 Definition
vagin/o: Vagina
Term
vas/o: Vas deferens, vessel, duct
 Definition
vulv/o: Vulva
Term
AMN = Amniocentesis
 Definition
BV = Bacterial Vaginosis
Term
C-section = Cesarean Section
 Definition
HRT = Hormone Replacement Therapy
Term
HPV = Human Papillomaviruses
 Definition
HYS = Hysteroscopy
Term
 IUD = Intrauterine Device
 Definition
NICU = Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Term
PID = Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
 Definition
PMS = Premenstrual Syndrome
Term
STIs, STDs= Sexually Transmitted Infections or Sexually Transmitted Diseases
 Definition
ACTH- adrenocorticotropic 
Term
ALD- aldosterone 
 Definition
ADH- anti diuretic hormone 
Term
DKA- Diabetic keto acidosis 
 Definition
DM- Diabetes mellitus 
Term
Ep- epinephrine 
 Definition
FBS- Fasting blood sugar 
Term
FSH- Follicle stimulating hormone 
 Definition
GD- Graves’ disease 
Term
HGH- human growth hormone 
 Definition
LADA- latent autoimmune diabetes 
Term
OGTT- oral glucose tolerance test
 Definition
RAI- radioactive iodine treatment 
Term
TSH- thyroid stimulating hormone 
 Definition
BMI- Body mass index 
Term
FTT- Failure to thrive 
 Definition
OB/GYN(Obstetrics/Gynecology)
Term
PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)
 Definition
IUD (Intrauterine Device
Term
STD/STI (Sexually Transmitted Disease/Infection)
 Definition
IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)
Term
HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy
 Definition
PID: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Term
A-
 Definition
Absence of
Term
Ab-
 Definition
Away from
Term
Ad-
 Definition
Toward
Term
Brady-
 Definition
Slow
Term
Dys-
 Definition
Painful
Term
Hyper-
 Definition
Above
Term
Inter-
 Definition
Between
Term
Intra-
 Definition
Within
Term
Poly-
 Definition
Many
Term
Sub-
 Definition
Below
Term
Supra-
 Definition
Above
Term
Sym-
 Definition
Together
Term
Syn-
 Definition
Together
Term
-al
 Definition
Pertaining to
Term
-algia
 Definition
Pain
Term
-ar
 Definition
Pertaining to
Term
-asthenia
 Definition
Weakness
Term
-centesis
 Definition
Surgical puncture
Term
-clasia
 Definition
Break
Term
-clast
 Definition
Break
Term
-desis
 Definition
Surgical fixation
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
Excision
Term
-gram
 Definition
Record
Term
-graphy
 Definition
Process of recording
Term
-ic
 Definition
Pertaining to
Term
-itis
 Definition
Inflammation
Term
-lysis
 Definition
Loosening
Term
-malacia
 Definition
Softening
Term
-oid
 Definition
Resembling
Term
-oma
 Definition
Tumor
Term
-osis
 Definition
Abnormal condition
Term
-penia
 Definition
Abnormal reduction
Term
-physis
 Definition
Growth
Term
-plasty
 Definition
Surgical repair
Term
-rraphy
 Definition
Suturing
Term
-sarcoma
 Definition
Malignant tumor
Term
-scopy
 Definition
Process of viewing
Term
Ankyl/o
 Definition
Stiff, bent
Term
Arthr/o
 Definition
Joint
Term
Carp/o
 Definition
Carpals
Term
Chondr/o
 Definition
Cartilage
Term
Clavic/o
 Definition
Clavicle
Term
Cost/o
 Definition
Ribs
Term
Crani/o
 Definition
Cranium
Term
Electr/o
 Definition
Electricity
Term
Fasci/o
 Definition
Fascia
Term
Fibr/o
 Definition
Fibrous
Term
Kinesi/o
 Definition
Movement
Term
Kyph/o
 Definition
Increases
Term
Lamin/o
 Definition
Lamina
Term
Lord/o
 Definition
Bent
Term
Lumb/o
 Definition
Loin
Term
Manidibul/o
 Definition
Mandible
Term
Tars/o
 Definition
Tarsals
Term
Cost/o
 Definition
Ribs
Term
Crani/o
 Definition
Cranium
Term
My/o
 Definition
Muscle
Term
Myel/o
 Definition
Marrow (bone)
Term
Oste/o
 Definition
Bone
Term
Patell/o
 Definition
Patella
Term
Pelv/i
 Definition
Pelvis
Term
Petr/o
 Definition
Stone
Term
Phalang/o
 Definition
Bones of fingers
Term
Plant/o
 Definition
Pubis
Term
Rachi/o
 Definition
Veritable spine
Term
Rhabd/o
 Definition
Rod shaped
Term
Sarc/o
 Definition
Flesh
Term
Scoli/o
 Definition
Crooked
Term
Spondy/o
 Definition
Vertebra, spine
Term
Crani/o
 Definition
Brain
Term
My/o
 Definition
Muscle
Term
Myel/o
 Definition
Muscle
Term
Tendin/o
 Definition
Tendin
Term
Brady/o
 Definition
Slow
Term
BTD
 Definition
Bone density testing
Term
CTS
 Definition
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Term
EMG
 Definition
Electromyography
Term
MD
 Definition
Muscular Dystrophy
Term
MG
 Definition
Myasthenia Gravis
Term
OA
 Definition
Osteoarthritis
Term
OP
 Definition
Osteoporosis
Term
OT
 Definition
Occupational Therapy
Term
PKR
 Definition
Partial Knee Replacement
Term
PMR
 Definition
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Term
RA
 Definition
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Term
ROM
 Definition
Range Of Motion
Term
RSD
 Definition
Repetitive Stress Disorder
Term
THR
 Definition
Total Hip Replacement
Term
TKR
 Definition
Total Knee Replacement
Term
Pagers disease of bone
 Definition
A chronic bone disorder causing abnormal bone remodeling, leading to weakened, enlarged, and deformed bones. It commonly affects the pelvis, skull, spine, and legs. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent fractures and manage symptoms.
Term
Achilles Tendon
 Definition
The tendon that connects the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soles) to the heel bone (calcaneus). It plays a critical role in walking, running, and jumping. Frequently injured in sports, leading to conditions such as Achilles tendinitis or ruptures.
Term
Bakers Cyst
 Definition
A fluid-filled sac located behind the knee, often resulting from joint inflammation or conditions like arthritis. A Baker's cyst is common in patients with osteoarthritis or knee injuries. It can cause swelling, discomfort, and limited knee movement.
Term
Erb’s palsy
 Definition
A condition caused by injury to the brachial plexus, often during birth or trauma. It leads to weakness or paralysis in the shoulder and elbow muscles. Early diagnosis and intervention through physical therapy are essential for improving outcomes in affected individuals.
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