Term
| Narrow vs. broad spectrum antibiotics? clinical use guidelines? |
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Definition
narrow - for one (or a few) type of bacteria
broad - for many types of bacteria
Use most narrow spectrum, but in reality start w/ a broad until lab results come back. This is b/c a broad spectrum will kill gut microflora. Broad spectrum can lead to pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
| when are bacteriostatic antibiotics contraindicated? |
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Definition
| in immunocompramized patients - a competent immune system is requried to kill the bacteria and remove from the body |
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Term
| which drugs can enter CSF - always? during inflammation? Never? |
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Definition
always - Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, trimethoprim
inflammation - Cefotraxime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime
never - Cefazolin, Cefoxitin, Erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, gentamicin |
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Term
| Three main causes of meningitis |
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Definition
Neisseria meningitidis
streptococus pneumoniae
haemophilus influenza type B |
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Term
| causes of antibiotic diarrhea |
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Definition
pseudomembranous colitis
indigestion of carbohydrates
stimulation of motilin receptors |
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Term
| which drugs increase bleeding by inhibition of CYP 2C9? |
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Definition
| macrolides, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones |
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Term
| 3 ways antibiotics increase risk of bleeding |
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Definition
2C9 inhibition
displacement of Warfarin
Inhibition of hepatic enzymes involved in Vitamin K dpeendent coagulation factors |
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Term
| which drugs increase bleeding by displacement of warfarin? |
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Definition
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Term
| which drugs increase bleeding by inhibition of Vit K coagulation factors? |
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Definition
| Cephalosporins w/ NMTT structure |
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Term
| Antibiotics contraindicated in pregnancy |
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Definition
FCATS
Fluoroquinolones
Chloramphenicol
Aminoglycosides
Tetracycline
Sulfonamides |
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Term
| why can't bacteriocidal and bacteristatic be administered together |
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Definition
| bacteriocidal require active proliferation of the bacteria, but bacteriostatics inhibit growth |
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