Term
| Main target of anesthetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Measure of volatile anesthesia potency? Meaning of it? |
|
Definition
| Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC); the alveolar concentration of an anesthetic that prevents movement of 50 percent of the subjects in response to pain. |
|
|
Term
| Mechanism of action of inhaled anesthetics; relationship between solubility and inhaled anesthetics? |
|
Definition
| agonize GABA receptor (most) or antagonize NMDA (N2O) also: molecules dissolve in lipid cell membrane and influence cell's ability to depolarize by distorting the channels necessary for ion flux; correlation between lipid solubility and MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) |
|
|
Term
| Halothane use, structure, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower); side effects |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; alkane; 20%; 2.3; malignant hyperthermia (caused only by anesthetics) and halothane hepatitis (due to antibodies to metabolite trifluoroacetate) |
|
|
Term
| Enflurane use, structure, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower); side effects |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; ether; 2%; 1.8; increased seizure risk |
|
|
Term
| Isoflurane use, structure, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower) |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; ether; 0.2%; 1.4 |
|
|
Term
| Sevoflurane use, structure, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower); side effects |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; ether; 4% (but still popular because rapid onset/offset -> 0.59; reacts with CO2 to form Compound A which causes kidney damage |
|
|
Term
| Desflurane use, structure, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower); advantage? |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; ether; 0.04%; 0.42 (ultra rapid onset); rapid elimination and awakening (unlike halothane which requires ventilation with O2 for 5 min after use) also: resistant to lime soda degradation (soda lime is used to absorb exhaled CO2 but can degrade anesthetics into toxic products) |
|
|
Term
| Nitrous Oxide (N2O) use, mode of action, metabolism % (higher is worse), blood/gas coefficient (speed of action: higher is slower); side effects |
|
Definition
| inhaled anesthetic; NMDA antagonist; 104% metabolism (different mode of action); 0.4 (fast acting); sympathomimetic, inhibits B12 and B12 enzymes which participate in myelin and RBC production |
|
|
