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Communication
Undergraduate 2
09/26/2012

Additional Communication Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
language
Definition
socially shared code that uses a conventional system of symbols
Term
form
Definition
how words, sentences, and sounds are organized and arranged to convey content
Term
speech
Definition
neuromuscular process that allows humans to express language as a vocal product
Term
phonology
Definition
(form) the rules of language governing the sounds we use to make syllables and words
Term
perceptual target
Definition

abstract representation of speech sound stream is generated

-cognitively based conceptualization of a series of individual sounds or phonemes

Term
voice
Definition
one of the building blocks for speech
Term
speech perception
Definition
the processing of human speech (words not just sounds)
Term
comprehension
Definition
process of making sense of a message
Term
semantics
Definition
(content)the rules of language governing the meaning of individual words and word combinations
Term
pragmatics
Definition
(use)the rules governing how language is used for social purposes
Term
motor schema
Definition
neurological brain systems generate a rough plan of the abstract representation of a perceptual target
Term
articulation
Definition
precision of phoneme production (accuracy and consistency)
Term
formulation
Definition
process of pulling together ones thoughts or ideas for sharing wth another
Term
paralinguistic
Definition
refers to pitch, loudness, and pausing, which are superimposed over linguistic feedback
Term
communication
Definition
the process of sharing information between 2 or more persons
Term
syntax
Definition
(form) the rules of language governing the internal organization of sentences
Term
metalinguistic awareness
Definition
the ability to deliberately scrutinize language as an object of attention
Term
speech output
Definition
air pressure is modulated as respiratory flow is sent forward and articulators and oral cavity are manipulated to produce words
Term
fluency
Definition
speech is most functional when it is produced effortlessly, smoothly, and without hesitations or interjects
Term
transmission
Definition
the process of conveying those ideas to another person by signing, speaking, gesturing, or writing
Term
modality
Definition

the manner in which information conveyed via communication is transmitted and received

(signing, speaking,etc)

Term
content
Definition
meaning of language
Term
morphology
Definition
(form) rules governing the internal organization of words; can be morphed for meaning (ed s)
Term
use
Definition
how language is used functionally fo rmeeting needs
Term
breathstream
Definition
exhalation; exhaled consistently and evenly
Term
audition
Definition
the perception of sound (speech)
Term
reception
Definition
the process of receiving info from another person
Term
communication functions
Definition
intrumental, regulatory, interacctional, personal, heuristic, imaginative, informative
Term
instrumental function
Definition
used to ask for something
Term
regulatory function
Definition
used to give directions
Term
interactional function
Definition
social; to converse
Term
 personal function
Definition
express state of mind
Term
heuristic function
Definition
inquire about something
Term
imaginative function
Definition
used to tell stories and role-play
Term
informative function
Definition
provide description of event or object
Term
communication competence
Definition
the knowledge and implicit awareness that speakers of a language possess and utilize to comunicate effectively in that language
Term
communicative performance 
Definition
a speaker's actual speech behavior (performance errors)
Term
linguistic competence
Definition

the nature and structure of language and includes phological competence, grammatical competence, lexical competence, and discourse competence

 

-implicit awareness of how lang functions according to rules that determine sound system, grammar, lexican and course patterns

Term
pragmatic competence
Definition

the implicit knowledge of how language is used appropriately in given situations

-knowing what to say and when to say it

Term
grammatical competence
Definition
ability to effectively recognize and produce the syntactic and morphological structures of a language
Term
lexical competence
Definition
the ability to recognize and produce the conventional words that the speakers of that language use
Term
joint reference and attention
Definition

joint attention is the simultaneous engagement of 2 or more individuals in mental focus on a single external object or event

-

Term
intentional communication
Definition
deliberate communication with someone
Term
phonotactics
Definition
the combinations of sounds that are acceptable in their language
Term
phonation
Definition
utterance of sounds via vocal cords
Term
cooing
Definition
consonant-like sounds that infants produce when they are content (2-3 mo)
Term
canonical and variegated babbling 
Definition
(6+ and 9+ months) true consonants and vowels, but no true words
Term
lexicon
Definition
mental dictionaries
Term
phonetically consistent form
Definition
(9-10 mo) purposeful production
Term
jargon
Definition
special type of babbling in which infants use the melodic patterns of their native language through a combination of rhythm, rate, stress, and intonation
Term
Boyle's Law
Definition

when volume goes up, air pressure decreases, and when air pressure goes up, volume decreases

-inverse relationship with volume and pressure

Term
underextension
Definition

associate one specific object with a word

-ex. puppy means petunia, but no other dog

Term
overextension
Definition

every male adult is "daddy"

TOO BROAD

Term
Brown Stage 1
Definition
single words
Term
Brown Stage 2
Definition
semantic relations (mommy eat, eat cookie)
Term
Brown Stage 3
Definition
Simple sentences (mommy eat cookie)
Term
Brown Stage 4
Definition
negatives, questions
Term
Brown Stage 5
Definition
embedding (cookie that mommy eating; mommy gonna eat)
Term
Brown Stage 5+
Definition
conjoining (mommy and daddy are going to eat)
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